<<王臣相高中英语新课程教材（人教版刘道义主编）第一模块——第八模块语言知识整合:经典句式剖析>>

<<王臣相高中英语新课程教材（人教版刘道义主编）第一模块——第八模块语言知识整合:经典句式剖析>>

进入新课程实验背景下的高考综合复习阶段以后, 由于师生复习的面广量大, 时间紧, 任务重, 所以, 如果把大量精力耗费在词汇复习上, 可能收效甚微, 只见树木, 不见森林; 假若将大量时间花费在课文或语法的复习上, 时间可能会显得捉襟见肘,因而，复习过程会出现虎头蛇尾的现象， 复习效果可能是得不偿失. 因此, 笔者认为, 句子是连接词汇和课文或语法之间的桥梁和纽带, 也是三者之间的最佳结合点. 高考英语综合复习选择以句型为突破口和切入点, 通过剖析典型句式, 把词汇知识, 句法知识,文法知识有机地,系统地揉合在一起, 构建知识网络体系,可谓一举多得,多快好省。

本教材所精选的典型句式几乎涵盖现行高中英语课本中的重要句型, 涉及到新课标中的主要语法项目, 使用者通过精心点拨, 前后联系, 深入挖掘, 心领神会, 肯定能达到触类旁通、 事半功倍的效果.

本教材自从2011年问世,在历年高三应、往届考生中使用以来, 受到了学生的欢迎, 一版再版, 供不应求, 也取得了预期的效果.

由于编者水平有限, 不妥之处在所难免, 敬请各位读者毫不客气地予以指教, 以利再版时不断修改,不断完善，本人将不胜感激.

 

1、①Your friend can't go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.  

 ②I didn't go downstairs until the window had to be shut.

2、①You had to pay to get it repaired.

   ②He/She will have to pay to get it repaired.

3、①You friend comes to school very upset.

   ②He went to bed cold and hungry.

   ③Long and untidy, his hair played in the breeze.

4、①You need to go to class.

   ②I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.

5、While walking the dog, you were careless.

6、Your friend, who doesn't work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper.

7、You will tell him/her that he/she should have studied.

8、①Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.

   ②Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?

  ③I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.

 ④Indeed, Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities.

9、①She made her diary her best friend.

②I shall call my friend Kitty.   ③Anne named her diary Kitty.

④It will only make her worse.  ⑤This has made me angry.

⑥I hope you will find these ideas useful.

⑦That dress makes you look old and boring.

10、I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend.

 11、Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.

12、I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.

13、That's changed since I came here.

14、①I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.

②The weather stayed cold all week.     ③She felt very lonely.

④So I feel quite lonely sometimes.

⑤We closed the door behind us and we were alone.

⑥For a moment I felt ashamed but then I felt better

15、But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.

16、I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.

17、The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.

18、 It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face.

   19、①I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.

②He was the son of another family hiding with them.

③Living in peace, Hawaiians have developed a third sign of friendship.

④As I sat there looking at myself on the TV screen, the telephone rang.

⑤Complete the following sentences using words and expressions from the text.

20、①It's no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.

②It is no use talking to him.     ③It's nice seeing you again.

21、①Why do you think her feelings changed towards nature?

    ②Why doesn't she think that Lisa should end their friendship?

22、Why did Anne no longer just like looking at nature out of the window?

23、①How would you describe Anne's feelings as she was looking out at the night sky?

②Listen to the tape and try to spell the words as you hear their pronunciation.

24、①She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.   

 ②I still find it hard to make good friends with them.

25、What she really missed was going outdoors and walking the dog for her neighbor.

26、①It was such fun to watch it run loose in the park.

    ②It's a good habit for you to keep a diary.

27、She wished she could tell her neighbor face to face that she was sorry not to be able to do it any longer.

 28、①“Does a friend always have to be a person?”  the writer asks us.     ②The writer asks us if a friend always has to be a person.

29、①Father asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before.    ②“Why did you go to bed so late last night?” Father asked Anne.

30、I've got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.

31、Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.

32、One of you will be a child and the other the grandmother.

33、①I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.

    ②I am sorry you are having trouble in making friends.

    ③I'm getting along well with a boy in my class.

    ④There is nothing wrong with you and this boy being friends and studying together.

34、①We enjoy helping each other. ②But other students have started gossiping. ③I hate others gossiping .④Ending your friendship with this boy would be a stupid thing to do. ⑤We had to start clearing up at once. ⑥You hate to be late for school. ⑦Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light.

35、They often see something that isn't real.

36、My advice is to ignore your classmates.

37 、①I do want to change this situation.

     ②We did sleep in clean beds that night.

38、However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice.

39、① Why not have a try?

    ②Why not go and talk to people standing on their own?

40、Zhao disliked his new school until he got used to the timetable and made some new friends.

41 、①All the rooms were full of boxes.

     ②The little room was filled with bedclothes.

42 、Mummy and Margot were too tired and worried to eat.

43 、This is the second most important sign of friendship.

44、It is believed that the islands can be a paradise when people live in peace.

45、 What are the ways Hawaiians show their friendship?

46、①How can you persuade him/her to get to school on time?

    ②You tried to stop him from doing these things.

47、Truly old friends are like wine; the older, the better.

1、①Let's go to the pictures.

   ②But how shall we go to the movies?

   ③Why not go by underground?

   ④So won't you please make use of this chance to look?

   ⑤Would/ will you please sing a song for us?

   ⑥Would you please open the window?

2、①Which country do you think has the most English learners?

   ②Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English?

3、①And because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. ②English became less like German because those who ruled English spoke first Danish and later French.

③Because of the clear sky it's possible to see buildings by the sea.  ④American English has so many dialects because people have come from all the world.

4、①Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.

   ②Even if I have to walk all the way, I'll get there.

③If I had enough money, I would buy it.

   ④Even if I had enough money, I wouldn't buy it.

5、①At first the English spoken in England between about AD

450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.

②English is one of the official languages used in India.

③Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English.

6、①It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.  ②This song is based on an old folk song.

     ③The film is based on a novel written by him.

7、①Today more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

②So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.

8、①India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.

②Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. ③In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners.

9、①One reason is that English has a large vocabulary.

②This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.

10、As we know ,British English is a little different from/than American English.

11、①Are there many children playing on the playground?

    ②Then you can make some jokes using these words.

12、①“Look at this example.” the teacher said to us.

The teacher told us to look at that example.

②“Would you like to see my flat?” she asked.

She asked me to see her flat.13、①An English teacher is telling her students what they must do for homework. ②Another student asks what he/she said.

14、①Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.   ②Believe it or not, John cheated in the exams.

③Believe it or not , the examination tomorrow is cancelled.

15_、Geography also plays a part in making dialects.

16、①The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. ②It shows some of the places in the world where English is spoken as an official language.

17、①Then practise reading them in pairs.

②She suggested using CDs to listen to English songs .

③After you have finished making your code, share it with your classmates.

18、Now Lester is too afraid to visit the place.

19、What does Buford think of Texas?

20、Could you please tell me where the nearest subway is?

21、①Pay attention to the intonation you use while talking.

②Don't rock that baby on the rock while playing that rock music. ③He left his village school in Scotland and taught himself while working in a bank.

22、①He is so worried and excited that he speaks very quickly.

②Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets.

23、You are confused.

24、①the way that the words are used in a language.

② the way in which a word is spelled.

③Then people could spell words in different ways which you might find interesting.

25、But it made reading English much more difficult.

26、①In fact, an English dictionary like the kind you use today wasn't made until the time of the late Qing Dynasty.

②He worked on the dictionary until he was very old.

27、These men spent nearly all of their lives (in) trying to collect words for their dictionaries.

28、Murray had a place built in the garden behind his house to do his work.    

29、①I will do as she advised.

   ②They went with the army from island to island as it fought

 against the Japanese.  

    30、Codes are not always used to send secrets.

1、①Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train？②I prefer the red dress to the green one.

2、①Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.

②Ever since I graduated from university, I have regretted that I didn't work harder.

3、①He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything.   ②She persuaded me to buy one.

4、Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too.

5、①After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. ②Why don't we go on one after we graduate from college? ③Why not keep a travel journal?

6、①It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.

②It was last week that we sold our old car to a Mexican.

7、①She insisted that she organize the trip properly.

   ②How I wish I could make a journey into space.

   ③I insist that he (should)study medicine instead of law.

   ④Jack insisted that we (should)put up our tent.

8、①I kept asking her. ②I keep wondering how you feel about your trip.

9、①When are we leaving and when are we coming back?

   ②I was about to sail away in a junk when从句.

10、 ①She seemed to be excited about it.

②This was even more exciting to see than the rapids where the water seemed to boil. ③We seemed to be able to see for miles.

④That seems a good idea.

11、①The air would be hard to breathe.  ②It's hard to say.

12、①Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.

    ②Once you show fear, he will attack you.

    ③Once you make a promise, you should keep it.

13、①It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province.

②As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows.

③As neither of them would give in, no decision was taken that day .④You may be teaching yourself a whole new job, as many people enjoy reading about journeys and seeing the world through somebody else's eyes. ⑤As we looked around us, we were surprised by the view. ⑥It was great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer. ⑦As I lay beneath the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.

14、We were both surprised to learn that half the river is in China.    Not only my sister, but also I was surprised to learn that.

15、A determined person always tried to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.

16、The very first time that Joe saw the film “ET” directed by Steven Spielberg, he made up his mind to become a director too.

17、①Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us. ②We always stop to make camp.

18、①Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles?

②We saw many yaks and sheep eating green grass.

③At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. ④We found it was so cold that our water bottles froze.

19、①I stayed awake.       ②The sky became clearer.

    ③The stars grew brighter.       ④It was so quiet.

20、①Describe them and the scenery in your travel journal as if you are writing to a friend who has never seen them.

②Try to make a brochure that looks as if both business people and artists made it.

21、Give your reasons why you choose them.

22、①Compare your list with your partner.

    ②You are going in the right direction.

    ③The tortoise moves at a very slow pace.

23、①Picking up something heavy, you should bend your knees. 

②Now I work in a post office checking parcels every day.

24、It is too late to view this house today.     25、I am not that happy.

26、Work with your partner to plan a trip based on the map.

27、Remember to use the present continuous tense in your dialogue.

28、①Cambodia was in many ways similar to Laos, although it has twice the population.

②Vietnam has almost seven times the population of Cambodia.

29、Her village couldn't even afford to build a school.

30、We all felt very lucky to have studied in college.

31、Cycling in the hills had been difficult.

32、Although the flat delta made it easier for us to cycle, we got warm very quickly.

33、We were tired but also in high spirits: our dream to cycle along the Mekong River had finally come true.

34、You want to make a poster advertising a tour so that your travel agency can get more business.

35、The printing is large enough to be read from the other side of the room.    36、There is enough but not too much information.

37、①You use words and pictures that make your tour sound exciting.  ②Which part of this unit do you find most useful?

     ③What did you find difficult in this unit?

38、This kind of brochure is a guide to what tourists can expect to see and do on a tour.

1、 The chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.

2、①Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.

   ②I asked a man standing next to me what happened.

3、①It seemed as if the world was at an end.

   ②She was sitting there as if nothing had happened.

   ③They looked at me as if I was from another planet.

   ④When the houses fell down, it sounded as if a mountain had blown up. ⑤When the dam broke, it looked as if the sea had arrived suddenly on our doorsteps. ⑥When the shock hit us, we felt as if we were going to die.

4、①One-third of the nation felt it.

②Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 

③All of the city's hospitals,75% of its factories, and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.

5、A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses.

6、①The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

②The number of competitors is limited.

③Do you know the number of milu deer living in China?

④He worked there for a number of years.

⑤Such a great number of people died.

⑥A number of children whose parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities.

7、①Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.

②Everywhere he goes, his dog follows him.

③Everywhere they appeared, they were met with strong protests. ④Wherever you live, you are in an earthquake area.

8、①Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.

   ②Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.

9、Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.

10、All hope was not lost.=Not all hope was lost.

11、①Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. ②Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one.

12、Writing a summary of a passage means looking for the main idea of each part and putting it down in a sentence.

13、①It was a frightening night.

②This frightened boy whose mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now. ③Is it something that is frightening?

14、①Then take turns to complete the sentence using the attributive clauses. ②The other students take turns to ask questions.

15、Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors.

16、As you know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-five years ago.

17、Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.

18、Neither a wise man nor a brave man lies down on the tracks of history to wait for the train of the future to run over them.

19、It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of plates.

    It is said/believed/told/reported/thought/hoped/proved/suggested

 +that+真正的主语从句。

20、Change the form if necessary.

21、Some ran up and down the street while others were looking out of their windows for help.

22、①This is advice on how to protect your home from an earthquake. ②There is more to it than just keeping buildings from falling down.

23、It is sad but true that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks.

24、①All pipes should be fixed to the wall.

    ②They can be tied to tables or stuck to them.

tie…to…、fix…to …、stick…to…、

add…to…、apply…to…、fasten…to….

25、①Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. ②Never in all San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on that terrible night.

26、Nothing is left of it but memories and some houses far from the centre of the city.

27、①Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night. ②Young as he is, he knows a lot.

28、①Do not put fresh fruit in the bag as it will go bad quickly and cause problems.

②As you make a list, be sure to plan for each of the following things.

               Unit 5   Nelson Mandela

1、①A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others .    ②He devoted a lot of his wealth and energy to his invention.

2、①The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.

②However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johnnesburg.

③The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.

④The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.

⑤The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.

⑥The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.

3、①Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.

②He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.

③The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.

④We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.

⑤It was a prison from which no one escaped.

4、①After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.

   ②After getting up, he always drinks a glass of water.

   ③After packing all his things into his travelling bag, he sat on the sofa and waited for the taxi.

5、The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.

6、①My family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.    ②We chose to attack the laws.

7、①Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.  ②Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise. ③Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.

8、①Not all years will have information to be added.

   ②All hope was not lost.

9、①As I live in South Africa, the officials of the South African Republic did not agree with me.

②Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office.

③So now I am proud to show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make our people free in their own land.

10、①The school was very large.

    ②The school in which I learned judo was very large.

    ③The school to which I was sent was very large.

    ④The school at which I studied French was very large.

11、He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.

12、We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find to make candles to see the words.

13、He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.

14、They did pass their exams.

15①That made me feel good about myself.

   ②The name made us afraid.

   ③In pairs discuss what qualities make Mandela a great man.

   ④That makes people very jealous.

16、I did not work again for twenty years until Mr. Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.

17、I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

18、What would you have done if you were Elias?

19、What man wants is simply independent choice, whatever that independence may cost and wherever it may lead.

20、She was advised that he should not be taught too much.

21、He often spent his own money on his invention.

22、①The government says he is stopping other companies from selling their programs.

②They could not stop somebody else making new software.

③He tries hard to stop others making better software.

23、①Everyone should be able to do what they can to make their company bigger.

②Bill Gates has only done what he can to stop other competitors.

24、You could not meet a better man than Bill Gates=Bill Gates is the best man whom you have ever met.

②He makes a program and produces it quicker than anybody else.

25、The government wanted to make Microsoft into two companies so that neither of them was so strong nor so rich.

26、A great person need not be famous.

27、Did you have any problems in understanding this unit?

1、Is it enough to have survived for a long time?

2、①Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russia people would have such an amazing history. ②The box has been moved .Someone must have been here last night. ③A:I could have lent him the money but he didn't tell me he needed it. B :It is a good thing you didn't lend it to him. You might never have got it back .④The soldiers told her that the melted pieces could have come from the Amber Room.

3、This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.

4、①It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.

    ②It was a mirror designed in the Song Dynasty and decorated in the fancy style of that time.

5、①Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.

    ②Catherine II had it moved outside St Petersburg.

    ③Frederick I had the Amber Room made.

6、①Sadly,although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world,it is now missing.

  ②The people there were very happy and without doubt consider it one of the treasures of thier collection.

  ③An artist is a person who creates things which can be considered works of art.

7、①There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg.②I don't doubt that the gold ring belongs to her.

③People doubt that they were dragged over the land,which is too rough.

8、①How did the Amber Room get lost?②She got so angry.

   ③He does not make speeches to get others to help him in his projects.

9、①Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics?

②To them,it was worth much more than Chen Lei paid.

③Do you think it was worth spending so much money to move a cultural relic such as Abu Simbel?

④They are worth the cost of entry alone.

10、①The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.②She saw Nazis burying something near her home.③In April 1954 I heard something explode at midmight. ④Now you are going to hear another two people talk about what happened to the Amber Room.

11、①Is it something that people believe?

    ②A fact is anything that can be proved.

12、①It can be proved that Chian has more people than any other country in the world.

②It can be proved that Anna Petrov gave the best evidence because she saw something that could have come from the Amber Room and she has nothing to gain from her story.

13、①An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved .②What happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.③He told me not to tell anyone what I had seen.

14、①It may be true,but it is difficult to prove.

②I think it might be so,as the Amber Room has never been found.③That can't be true.④That must be true.

15、To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed.

16、①Discuss each question in trun.

         ②Each side takes turns to debate and gives reasons for their opinion.

17、Nor do I think they should give it to any government.

18、①The search has cost them a lot of time and money.

    ②That is a great deal of money?

    ③It cost a lot to restore the building to its former glory.

19、①It will not only give you a chance of practising your English but also of developing an interest in local history at the same time.②He knows that the past is not only for us to enjoy but also for the children of the future.

20、 Why did Abu Simbel need to be moved and rebuilt?

21、He told them how he saw the maid come out of the entrance carrying a bag filled with the stolen treasure.

22、It was here that the city was first built during the Song Dynasty.

23、①Classifying words is a good way to learn English vocabulary.②To Feng,digging down into the earth is like reading page after page of a book.

24、Although the city government rebulit this street,they did save its oldest building.

25、He persuaded the city government to buy some land in the centre of the city.

1、①When and where did the modern Olympic Games start?

   ②When and where will the next Olympic Games be held?

2、①I lived in what you call“Ancient Greece”and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.

   ②Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winning.

3、①A：How often do you hold your games?

      B:Every four years.

   ②Both are held every four years on a regular basis.

4、①How can the runners enjoy competing in winter?

   ②They have already started planning for it.

   ③She practised running to compete in the Olympic Games.

5、①That's why they are called the Winter Olympics.

  , ; ②At first he understood why men ran against her.

   ③Give reasons why you like it so much.

6、It's in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races,together with swimming ,sailing and all the team sports.

7、①No other countries could join in,nor could slaves or women.        ②Nor do I think they should give it to any government.

8、Women are not only allowed,but play a very important role in gymnastics.

9、①A special village is built for them to live in.

   ②It's a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen.

  ③So she practised hard every day in order to be admitted as a competitor.④We can make this world a better place in which to live.

10、①That sounds very expensive.②Your suggestion sounds reasonable.

11、There is as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.

12、All the stadiums will be built to the east of London.

    in/to/on the east of.

13、Why do many countries want to host the Olympic Games while others do not?

14、①Pay attention to the intonation,as that can change the meaning.②This was a serious problem as she needed the pole to help her travel quickly through the deep snow.③He said that he had only behaved as any good sportsman should.

15、It didn't take her long to reach the standard for entering the Olympic Games.

16、①Children will not be allowed to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do,they will be taken away from the stadium.

②They will be told to leave and will be punished.

17、Don't forget to use the passive voice in your poster.

=Remember to use the passive voice in your poster.

18、She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece.

19、①She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could run faster than her.

②Her father said that she must marry.

③When a man says he wants to marry me,I will run against him.

④Atlanta married him and they lived happily ever after.

⑤She was married to a young engineer in June.

20、She was so angry about the fact that she could not run in the Olympics.

21、She made as many men as she could share her pain.

22、①Apart from playing at school I go to sports school every weekend.②What was Phidippides' job as well as running?

③We know they will provide us with wonderful examples of skill and sportsmanship as well as friendship and cross -cultural understanding.

23、①I especially like playing on the wing like Beckham but being a striker is good as well.

②We are looking forward to seeing you at the magical show too/as well.

24、①This is important because the more you speak English,the better your English will become.

②Truly old friends are like wine;the older, the better.

③The busier he is, the happier he feels.

25、Make sure that you all get equal turns in talking to the class.

26、Some people suggest that the Chinese martial arts should be included in the Olympic Games.

27、Winning the race against Atlanta seemed impossible to him until he got help from the goddess.

28、This does not stop him from taking a part in the Olympics.

29、I have been competing in the Special Olympics ever since I was at high school.

30、It was no wonder that Kip Keino became the only Kenyan sportsman ever to appear on the cover of the world famous sports magazine Sports Illustrated.

31、He ran from his room and arrived at the race track a few minutes before the race was about to begin.

 

1、①In pairs discuss what they have in common.

   ②Can you put them in an order according to the time when they appeared?

2、I could“think”logically and produce an answer quicker than any person.

3、I could be made to work as a “universal machine”.

4、①As time went by ,I was made smaller.

   ②These changes only became possible as my memory improved.

   ③As I have grown older I have also grown smaller.

    ④As time went by,I did research into how to make my radio.

  ⑤As I grow older I realize how much my life has been connected with my interest in radios.

   ⑥I jump from spaceships and as I fall I turn,dive,circle and dance until I softly land as close as I can to the finishing line.

 ⑦My heart stopped beating as I landed heavily on a mountain covered with snow.

5、①Over time my memory has developed so much that,like an elephant,I never forgot anything I have been told.

 ②And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it.

③Instead of flying softly to earth I began to fall faster and faster so that I could not turn,dive,circle or dance.

④The chip could actually operate the bike itself so that the rider doesn't have to worry.

6、①I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.

   ②He used to download information from the Internet and made good use of it.

7、①Anyhow,my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. ②This year I had the honour to be chosen again.

8、①We have made a plan.   A plan has been made.

   ②My friend has bought a new personal copmuter.  

      A new personal computer has been bought by my friend.

   ③The shop has repaired my computer very quickly.

      My computer has been repaired by the shop very quickly.

9、①Look at the way your face has been washed.

   ②Look at the way your hair has been combed.

10、①So we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence too.②They need to be rewritten using the present perfect passive voice.③I need the factory to build me two new legs and an even bigger head.

11、We are determined to create an even better system.

12、She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.

13、I would really like to play against a human team,for I have been programmed to act just like them.

14、After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything ,using my intelligence is what I'm all about!

15、①Remember to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each one.②Remember to use the functional items on page 22 in your discussion.

16、A problem that does sometimes arise is the possibility of a computer getting a virus.

17、A decision has been made that we will begin a computer teaching experiment in our school.

18、①The government has decided to give everyone free computer training during the holidays.   It has been decided to give everyone free computer training during the holidays (by the govermment.)②It has been decided that the prize for hard work in science will be presented to Wang Xiaoding.

19、The university has suggested that they teach the course with the new computer science textbook.

20、①You are going to hear two androids talking about their jobs and life.One of them works as a maid.The other works in a car factory.②One of you will interview Hua Fei.The other will imagine he/she is Hua Fei.

21、①My programmer fell ill.     ②I felt very frightened.

    ③I no longer felt so confident that I would win.

22、①You have been lucky enough to be allowed to interview Hua Fei in hospital.②Everybody was afraid that he would be too broken to be repaired.

23、He was lying in his hospital bed with two broken legs and a cut on his head.

24、①How did he get injured?

②Look at the following example to get you started.

25、It could keep the bike from running into other bikes.

1、Do you know any other endangered wildlife in China that is being protected?

2、①Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.

3、①Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.

   ②We used to be an endangered species.

  ③There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China.④The Milu deer,a species with large horns,used to be common in China long ago.

4、①I would like to help as the WWF suggests.

   ②A monkey watched them as it rubbed itself.

   ③As they landed,things began to disappear.

   ④WWF is very concerned about it as this is a very important park for endangered animals.

⑤As they spread illness,there is a good reason for killing them.

⑥They are now being studied as their numbers decrease.

⑦Cans,paper and plastic bags are being thrown away by many tour groups as they pass through Tibet.

5、①I am protecting myself from mosquitoes.

②How can the animals be protected from more people coming into the park?③But soon her smile disappeared because she realized that in protecting the zebra from the lion she had lost her best chance of taking some amazing photographs.

6、①Daisy was amazed.②The news was amazing.

7、What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?

8、Although this is not allowed,the coffee is excellent quality and has sold very well.

9、After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.

10、①What should you do if your car is being stolen?

②What should you do if your friend is being attacked?

③What should you do if you are being followed by a stranger?

11、These dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.

12、They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.

13、Others think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.

14、He didn't realize who had killed many of his friends until he saw how his friend was being killed by Man.

15、①It is a pity that in the story nobody helped the dodo.

②Is it because its habitat is being threatened?

③It is hoped that one day there will be enough animals to let them live in the wild again.④It is said that 85% of the oil polluting the water comes from the cleaning of engines by small personal boat owners.

16、I suggest making a special park for them.

17、①The wildlife here is under protection.

       The wildlife here is being protected.

②I am afraidl that the road to Wolong Nature Reserve is under repair.  

   I am afraid that the road to Wolong Nature Reserve is being repaired.

③is under discussion=is being discussed

④are under research=are being researched.

⑤is under consideration=is being considered.

⑥is under development=is being developed.

18、①It's so beautiful that I seemed to be taken into a fairyland.②He liked them so much that he took them all the way from China to Britain.③There are now so many of them that a new park has been opened for them in Hubei Province.

19、①The deer certainly seem happy to be back in China.

    ②Their future seemed secure at that time.

20、What else threatens birds besides oil spills?

 

 

 

 

1、①Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert,at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music?②They may start as a group of high-school students,for whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.③Later,they may give performances in pubs or clubs,for which they are paid in cash.④The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music,most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.⑤However,after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work,the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.⑥They produced a new record in 1996,with which they celebrated their former time as a real band.

2、①Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan?②So during the broadcasts they just pretend to sing.③Watson liked to pretend he was a spy.④He decided to pretend to be a devoted fan and play a joke on him.

3、①To be honest,a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.②They attached great significance to the premier's visit.③He attached a document to a letter.

④That middle school is attached to a university.

⑤The little girl is very much attached to her brother.

4、①Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves.

②They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.③We decided to form a band so that we could earn some extra money by playing and singing in a pub.

5、①The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing.②Freddy thought he could sing as well as the other singing frogs.

6、①They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.②At last feeling very upset and sensitive,Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.③While singing a song,you are learning English grammar and vocabulary.④And then throwing off his clothes he jumped into the water at once.⑤Do you often listen to music while studying at home?

7、①As some of these actors could not sing well enough,they had to rely on other musicians to help them.②We wondered if they were playing a joke on us as they were often very humourous to each other.③As you know,our band was formed in a very unusual way.④Freddy felt very excited as he was Jeremy's friend.⑤As the singer was near,Freddy waved,dipped his legs in the water,……

8、Anyhow their performances were humourous enough to be copied by other groups.

9、The Monkees seem lively and funny because they play jokes on each other.

10、①They suggested we go to record our songs in a studio.

②Their fans,without whom the Beatles would not have been so successful,at last caused problems for them.③I might not still be alive if it were not for you.④I would like to thank Mr Zhang,without whom I would never have learned to play football well.

11、However,to our great surprise,everything was organized and we made our record.

12、Now whenever we go to the pub,we play our songs and buy drinks for the regulars.

13、①The guitar with which Dave composed our first hit is in a music museum.②The name by which we were to become famous was chosen by Mike's mother.③The musicians in whom we have great interset toured Europe with us.

14、One asks the first question and the other answers it.

15、①Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.②Practise singing it with your tapes.

③Listening to classical music improves your memory.

④The“Mozart effect”means listening to Mozart's music.

16、①Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.

②I remember the day when our band was formed as if it was yesterday.

17、Music is more than just sound.

18、Two days is a very brief visit if you are not familiar with our town or the countryside.

19、They both reappeared with Jeremy holding Freddy in his arms.

20、①I don't understand the way in which you solved this problem.   

      I don't understand how you solved this probem.

②This is the month during which we like to go to outdoor concerts.

       when.

③She gave a musical concert in the hall in which we intervieved a famous violinist last week.    where.

④Finding a job as a singer was the reason for which I moved.

    why.

⑤I am familiar with your songs and the way in which you compose them.   how.

1、①Discuss when they take place,what they celebrate and what people do at that time.

②It is now a children's festival,when they can dress up and go to their neighbours' homes to ask for sweets.

③China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals,when people admire the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes.

④Its origin is around the 3rd or 4th century AD,when the custom of remembering Jesus' birth on December 25th first started.

2、People eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with "bones"on them.

3、①The country,covered with cherry tree flowers,looks as though it is covered with pink snow.②Today,of course,many people celebrate Christmas as though it were just a holiday to have fun with family,rather than a holiday about a belief.

4、①Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.②Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals.③Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors,who might return either to help or to do harm.④Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.

5、I would rather have a mind opened by wonder than one closed by custom.

6、①However big the fool,there is always a bigger fool to admire him.②No matter what the reason,however,festivals are always times for great feasts with lots to eat.

7、①Could/Can/Would/Will you please show me the way to Bei hai Park?②Would you like to join my family for dinner?

③I would love to invite you to a Chinese festival.

④That can't be true→That must be true.

⑤You had better not cry.⑥You can't be serious.

8、①When going by plane,you should arrive at the airport at least one hour early.②Predict what kind of problems someone might have when going to such a carnival.③While admiring the ice sculptures everywhere in the city,you can stop with other tourists….

9、①She could be with her friends right now laughing at him.②Finding that Zhinu was heart-broken,her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.

③A group of very cold tourists are sitting in a cafe in Quebec,drinking hot coffee to try to warm up .④One person runs behind the sled,shouting to the dogs to encourage them.

10、He had looked forward to meeting her all day,and now he was alone with his roses and chocolates,like a fool.

11、①It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.②It is obvious that festivals are times of happiness,fun and excitement.③It is amazing how warm these ice houses can be!

12、①They got married secretly,and they were very happy.

    ②Her granddaughter was married to a human.

13、People in China hope that the weather will be fine on that day,because if it is raining,it means that Zhinu is weeping and the couple won't be able to meet.

14、①As Li Fang set off for home,he thought,"…I don't want them to remind me of her." So he did.

②As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home,he heard a voice calling him.

③An old lady just dropped ten yuan as she got off the bus.

④Everyone who comes must be prepared to keep moving,as it is too cold to stand and watch for long.

15、There was Hu Jin waving at him and calling.

16、①Most little girls love to be dressed up in their mothers' clothes and pretend to be grown up.

②Do you think it's true,or did somebody just make it up?

③He set off for the airport about an hour ago.

④You can dance outside to the music of a band,who are all dressed in heavy clothes —even some of their instruments are dressed up for winter.

17、 ①The door is open.Someone must have come in while I was out.②He can't have arrived yet, for it has been raining for hours.

18、What's to be done?=What will be done?=What ought to be done?=What should be done?=What must be done?

19、①Competitors speed down the track and through the air as though they could fly.②If you were to fall in,you would freeze in less than two minutes.

20、①One of the favourite events is the dog-sled race,in which teams of about six husky dogs pull long sleds at great speeds along a snowy track.②Late in the evening, you can go to the snow palace,where Bonhomme the snowman is king,and join the crowd.

21、Besides soft clay,what kinds of things are used to make well-dressings in Derbyshire?

  1、①Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. ②Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.

③I saw him put everything in his bag and go out.

④I saw him putting something in the bag.

⑤He saw Yong Hui walking in.⑥Your friend sees someone steal a purse from an old lady's pocket.

2、①What could have happened?

②Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.

③He can't have gone far.His bag is still here.

3、He thought of his mutton,beef and bacon cooked in the hottest,finest oil.4、①Nothing could be better.②It couldn't be worse.③Nobody loved money better than he did.

5、①He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.②The hunter had the fire burning all night long.

③They got away with damaging the car.

④Would you like to have a McDonald's built in your town?

6、①By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.

   ②He had better do some research.

7、①His restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui's far too little.②Too many young people are getting fat through eating too much fatty food.

8、①Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home.

② However,as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends,she did not consult a doctor.③She felt so sad and hopeless about herself.④She felt very happy.⑤He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door.⑥She did not look happy.

9、①She didn't dare to face her boyfriend and she was unwilling to visit her friends any more.②I need to take the bus.

③You don't even need to wear a tie if you don't want to.

10、He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.

11、①I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.

②Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.

12、Neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.

13、①You can use this information to help you have a healthier diet as well as increase your vocabulary.

②They boiled the potatoes rather than fried them.

    ③They often provide salads as well as burgers and chips.

14、①It is too early to tell whether cutting down the cost of production will benefit the company workers or not.

②Think about whether you would like to have such a restaurant or not.③Many of our young people will be only too happy to work for the company.

15、①I don't mind going as long as I don't have to dress up.  

    ②The doctor told me that I must give up smoking.

    ③You must stop drinking cola or eating sweet food.

16、 I can see nothing but good if this company comes to build its restaurant in our town.

17、①If,as they say,the workers are happy with them,why should they fear some workers joining a union?

②I am very worried about McDonald's building a restaurant in our hometown.

Unit 3   The Million Pound Bank Note

1、①This unit is a play based on a short story by an American writer—Mark Twain.②This afternoon a man dressed in rags came into the shop.

2、①Mark Twain was born in Florida on November 30th,1835.

   ②He was brought up in Hannibal.

   ③He is best known for his novels set in his boyhood world on the river. ④He became engaged to Olivia Langdon. ⑤He married Olivia Langdon on February 2,1870.

3、①Twain loved the river so much that even his pen name is about the river.②He was so lost in reading his book that he missed his train.③He was such a stubborn businessman that he didn't permit anybody to disagree with him.④We are so very glad that you even entered our little eating place.

4、①Imagine that somebody gives you a large sum of money to spend as you like/wish/please.

②The owner,the hostess and the waiter all bow as Henry leaves.③Since it is too long,he decides to get it cut.④He can't pay him right now as he has no small change.⑤We could not change the bank note as it was too large.

5、①What do you think of the film?=How do you like the film?②What do you think of the bet the brothers have made?

6、Would you please come in?

7、①I wonder,Mr Adams,if you'd mind us asking a few questions?②Would you mind waiting just a few minutes?③Just having you sit here is a great honour.④Try writing a play so you can practise your oral English.⑤And acting out the play will help improve your pronunciation and intonation.

8、Well,towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.

9、①The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.②The thief was spotted by the police as he was leaving the bank.

10、①The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.②That's why we've given you the letter.③It wasn't because I had no patience to listen to him,but because it was still very painful for me to think about my dear grandma who died five years ago.④I can't understand why the brothers made the bet.⑤Could you tell me why you are interested in this job?

11、①I am afraid I don't quite follow you,sir.

    ②I don't think it's very funny.

    ③You mustn't think we don't care about you.

    ④I'm afraid it'll cost a large amount of money.

    ⑤I don't think it can be a fake.

12、 —If you don't mind,may I ask you how much money you have?    —Well,to be honest,I have none.

13、①Can you tell me if you like this play?→I must say that I really enjoy it.②Henry doubts if he should take it.

14、①It is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot.

   ②It's amazing how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life.

15、I did hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount.

16、①But it's all I have on me.②That's all we have.

③Give two reasons why the owner is not surprised to hear this news.

17、You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.

18、①Remember that Henry has an American accent while the owner,the hostess and the waiters all have British accents.

②A lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes.

19、①He did not seem to care about it at all.

    ②I didn't mean to be rude.

20、①It must have been a tiring experience to travel to your mother's village last week.②She should have let us know earlier.

21、①My question is how Henry landed in Britain.

②The brothers ' doubt is whether Henry can stay out of jail.

③Henry's question is what kind of bet the brothers made.

④It seems as if everyone in London becomes interested in Henry.

22、①Dressed in the finest clothes,he drove by the brothers' house in Portland Place and,seeing they were back,went to get Portia at her friend's home.②The two brothers are seated,waiting.

23、①We're both glad to hear it,for now we can decide the bet which Roderick and I made.②I must give you a job,as I promised.

24、I never would have believed it.

25、Portia kisses him on the cheek.

26、The bank note was worth millions of dollars,but not worth one tenth as much as how Henry felt about Portia.

1、①No one knows how the earth began,as it happened so long ago.②What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface.③What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.④Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.⑤So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.

2、①What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.

②They were in time to produce carbon,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which were to make the earth's atmosphere.

③This question is fundamental if students are to show that they understand the nature of astronomy.

be to do、be going to do、be about to do、will/shall do、ought to do、should/must do、plan/arrange to do、be sure to do 、 be supposed/expected to do.

3、①The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.②It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.③It was said that only three people in the world could understand it at that time.④Now it is generally accepted that Einstein was the leading scientist of the 20th century.⑤It did not upset Einstein that many of the scientists did not accept his ideas.

4、①This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.②They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.③How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.

5、①Others,called amphibians,were able to live on land as well as in the water.②You may ask the following questions as well as work out some more.

6、①As a result of this ,many scientists believe that the earth may become too hot to live on.②We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull.

7、①There used to be nine planets in the solar system.

   ②One of them can no longer be considered a planet.

   ③He had succeeded in convincing them of his theory.

   ④The spaceship warned Li Yanping and me to be ready as we were approaching the "black hole".

8、①The evidence for this theory is that the atoms that make up the rocks on the moon seem to be different from those on earth.

   ②What is clear is that the moon is smaller than the earth and this prevents it from escaping from the earth.

9、①Do the other astronomers accept his idea?It remains a question.→ Whether the other astronomers accept his idea or not remains a question.②Why is the earth becoming warmer?It is an important topic for research.→Why the earth is becoming warmer is an important topic for research.③Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system.What a surprise!→It is a surprise that Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system.

10、①As the rocket rose into the air,we were pushed back into our seats.②We watched,amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased.③Again we were pushed hard into our seats as we came back to land.④Please move that curtain as it is blocking out the light.⑤As they lived in a warm and wet climate ,there was plenty of food.⑥As the spaceship moved round the black hole,I felt rather sick.

11、①So we feel as if there is no gravity at all.

    ②We shall feel its gravity pulling us.

12、I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.

13、①I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.②But it will not be as strong a pull as the earth's.

14、①Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.②Leaving the moon's gravity was not as painful as leaving the earth's.③But returning to the earth was very frightening.

15、①They had few natural enemies besides each other,so each species had to protect their young from being eaten by other dinosaurs.②The dinosaurs were unable to prevent themselves from disappearing altogether.

16、①Who knows what would have happened if the earth's weather had not changed?②I suggest you (should)present it at a public meeting.③Someone watching me would have seen the spaceship flying like a bird away from the "black hole".

17、①We could see some faint lights around what looked like an empty space.②All the stories about what happened when you were caught by the gravity of a "black hole"seemed to be true.

18、①What was the most unexpected thing you found out about"black holes"?②What was the most frightening thing that happened to you on this journey?

1、①It is the second largest country in the world.

   ②What is the longest trip you have ever taken?

   ③The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

   ④Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.

2、①Rather than take the aeroplane all the way,they decided to fly to Vancouver.  ②Liu Hulan would rather die than give in.

③He preferred to stay at home rather than go to see a film.

④Rather than cause trouble,he left.

⑤The colour seems green rather than blue.

⑥A:Would you rather visit Inner Mongolia or Tibet this summer?

    B:Oh, I think I'd like to just stay at home and rest rather than go anywhere.

3、①The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.②Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days,but they forget the fact that Canada is

5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.③The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.④Her parents were so pleased to get the news that she won the prize.⑤The possibility that global warming is increasing worries scientists.⑥His suggestion that we should take the train from west to east across Canada sounds very exciting.⑦The idea that they decided to clone the first human being surprised many people at the meeting.⑧The story that you made a bicycle trip across Canada in the summer is very exciting.

   常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有：fact、news、idea、thought、chance、possibility、promise、wish、will、sign、hint、suggestion、hope、question、reason、doubt、proposal、reminder、rumour、belief、problem、view、proof、evidence、answer、conclusion、decision、discovery、explanation、feeling、information、message、word、knowledge、law、rule、opinion、order、report、risk、story、truth、theory、advice、demand、desire、plan、request、requirement、confidence等，

   其中advice、demand、desire、plan、request、proposal、decision、suggestion、idea 、order、requirement+that同位语从句（should+动词原形）

4、①Going eastward,you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests,as well as wide rivers and large cities.

②People say it is Canada's most beautiful city,surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.

③Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in.

④It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall,some measuring over 90 metres.

⑤My favourite part was seeing the grizzly bear in the mountains.

⑥There was frost on the ground,confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.

⑦Knowing some prefixes and suffixes can help you guess the meaning of words.

5、①They managed to catch sight of some mountain goats.

   ②But in the end he managed to do the job well.

6、In fact,it has one-third of the world's total fresh water.

7、①That night as they slept,the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior.

②As they walked north from the harbour area,Li Daiyu said,…

③As they sat in a buffet restaurant……,a young man sat down with them.

④That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River…,the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves.

8、①Not all the words will be used.

   ②Not all the new companies can succed.

9、①In pairs use the nouns above as well as the ones suggested below to make sentences.

    ②But his business always takes him to France and Spain as well as Germany!

10、China has 14 neighbouring countries while Canada only has one.

11、As far as I can tell,it will take us only about half an hour to drive there.

12、A:I'm glad we've finally settled our holiday plans.

    B:So am I .Now I can finally settle down and relax.

13、I knew it would be cold in January,but not this cold!

14、①The old men used to make one in a few hours.

    ②They used to live in skin tents in summer.

15、That's why it's called "The Land of the Midnight Sun".

 

 

 

 

 

模块四          

1、①She helped drive the English out of France.

②She helped improve prison conditions.

③She helped found an international campaign to stop the making of landmines. ④Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947.⑤Her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.⑥She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.

2、①She concerned herself with welfare projects.

  ②She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.

3、①Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.②She also worked hard to make as many countries as possilbe agree not to use them.

4、①She went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university.②Why do you think Jane Goodall went to Africa to study chimps rather than to university?

5、①Following Jane's way of studying chimps,our group are all going to visit them in the forest.②Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.③This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.

④Other Quaker women helped her and went around the country raising money for her work.

6、①We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.

    ②Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night.

   ③She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey

and then eating it.④She saw many poor people living near her.

7、She spent years observing and recording their dailyactivities.

8、①Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.

②Only when we understand their difficulties and problems,can we better understand their achievements.

9、She is leading a busy life.

10、①Her work changed the way people think about chimps.

    ②She has achieved everything she wanted to do.

    ③So the first thing Elizabeth did was to provide food.

11、①Once I stop,it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.

     ②Once you have seen that you can never forget…….

12、①Women can live in the forest as men can.

    ②She had not behaved as a woman should.

13、①Our group are all going to visit them in the forest.

       Our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon.

    ②The family is very big.

       The family are very early risers.

    ③This class has eighteen girls and twenty-five boys.

       This class is very bright especially in science subjects.

    ④Neither the weather nor the food is good.

       None of them carry/carries an umbrella.

14、①It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career,travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.

②When the Quaker Elizabeth married Joseph Fry,it seemed as if her life would be comfortable and peaceful.

15、Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice?

16、Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.

17、①This way of thinking prevents some girls from training for a career.②Unless women are given the opportunity, they will never be able to show that they can run companies successfully.③These are women's responsibilities while men do ont have this problem.

18、You will find it more interesting to read this than a list of the person's achievements.

19、①This is because we are interested in what people do and what they think.②I only see what remains to be done.

③That's because she believed God had sent her.

20、①Email,as well as letters, is playing an important part in daily communicating.②Nobody but Jane knows the secret.

③Not only I but also Li Juan and Mary are tired of taking so many exams.④Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes to the gifted students.⑤The numberr of people invited was thirty,but a number of them were absent.⑥The professor, as well as some of his assistants, is to attend our discussion.⑦Neither is sure how well they understand each other.⑧But neither do they think it can not be resolved.

21、①Other people said she enjoyed being famous too much.

②She continued working to help improve the lives of poor prisoners till she died.

1、①Although he is one of China's most famous scientists,Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.

②This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans,since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off.

2、①Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.②He wrote down his advice in a book called Qi Min Yao Shu,which was considered an important summary of the knowledge of farm.

3、①This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same field.

    ③The fine weather makes it possible for us to go for an outing next week.④Wherever he is, he makes it a rule to run for an hour every day.

4、①Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.

②Born in 1930,Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.

③These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.

④About 1.8 million people across the world die each year from diseases caused by unsafe food and water.

⑤Equipped with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.

⑥What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers?⑦In addition,fruit,vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.

5、①Using his hybrid rice,farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.②We got three times as many people as we had expected.③The bedrom is twice as big as the kitchen.

④You are not half as clever as you think you are!

6、①He enjoys listening to violin music.

②And finally practise making at least four sentences with them.

③Paul clearly enjoyed learning about how to farm well.

④He will keep trying out new ideas so he can help farmers around China.⑤His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad.⑥Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.⑦Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil.⑧…avoid damaging the environment of people's health.⑨I hate paying bills. What do you hate doing?⑩I'm used to getting up late.⑾They kept ploughing from morn till night, turning the soil over again and again.⑿He suggested changing crops in the field every year.

A.后面只能跟不定式作宾语的及物动词：

manage、expect、decide、seem、offer、promise、fail、hope、afford 、plan.

B、后面只能跟动名词作宾语的及物动词：

imagine、suggest、avoid、admit、practise、enjoy、finish、mind、miss、keep.

C、后面既可跟不定式，又可接动名词作宾语的及物动词：

hate、love、prefer、like、start、begin、remember、forget、stop、try、regret.

7、①He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.

②A person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.③Is Dr Yuan more of a scientist or more of a farmer?

④Other than planting trees, what can students do to help turn deserts into green land?

8、①Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.

②Just dreaming for things, however,costs nothing.

③Not having enough food leads to poor health.

④It is necessary to get water from wet to dry places.

  →Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary.

⑤Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.

⑥Using chemical fertilizers always makes vegetables empty inside.⑦Eating more vegetables might not always be good for us.

⑧But the prolbem is letting people know about your food.

⑨Planting trees is one of the most common ways.

⑩Using a mobile phone on a motorcycle is dangerous.

9、①First,they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pets as well as the harmful ones.

②Remember that using notes is very useful for planning your writing as well as putting down your reasons clearly on a poster.

③However,the discoveries of new ways to use chemicals have brought difficulties as well as benefits.

10、①They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years.②The Olympic Games are usually held every four years.

11、①An old farmer was about to die.②I'm about to leave this life.③He had always been interested in agriculture and intended to do something to make Chinese farming even better.

12、The sons started to spend/spending long hours working in the fields.

Unit 3 A taste of English humour

1、①As Victor Hugo once said,“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.”

②As time went by,he began making films.

③He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp,became known throughout the world.

④He is loved and remembered as a great actor.

⑤It was an interesting experience as it was clear that he did not keep to a strict budget.⑥I'm sorry the taxi hasn't come,but don't worry as the plane is always late.

2、①He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed.

   ②He lived in England and the USA but spent his last years in Switzerland,where he was buried in 1977.③It is usually a time when children make fun of each other.

3、Not that Charlie's own life was easy.

4、①You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak.

②Do you find it difficult to understand English humour?

5、①Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off. ②He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks.③He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick.④In the 1990s,Mr Bean became a star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much as Charlie Chaplin had done.

6、①They are so hungy that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes.②Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe.③The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!④He was such an outstanding performer that when he finished eating his dinner, the waiter offered him the same dish again at no extra charge.

7、①Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.②Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak.

8、He always managed to pick out those things that people are afraid of doing because they do not want to appear a social failure.

9、①I observed him directing as well as acting in it.

   ②Then I found him picking out the scences he liked best.

      see/hear/watch/observe/find/notice/feel sb doing sth

   ③The boy sitting on the sofa is a friend of my brother.

   ④That actress eating her dinner has acted in four films.

   ⑤The man holding a mobile phone thinks it very convenient

 to keep in touch with his friends.

10、①Seeing is believing=To see is to believe.

②His job is looking after the animals.

③What he likes is playing chess after supper.

④I am looking forward to visiting Charlie Chaplin Museum.

⑤I missed seeing the beginning of the film.

⑥I wouldn't mind seeing The Gold Rush again with you tonight.

11、①Watson tried a third time./a second time.

    ②It should be easily understood the first time you read it.

12、①The reporter showed many noodle trees with the farmer pulling noodles off them and putting them into baskets.

    ②It was the result of many year's patient research with the trees to produce noodles of exactly the same length.

13、①They may not have heard of noodles from this part of the world.②What did John think Mary should have done with the mess in the pan?

1、①Yesterday,another student and I, representing our university's student association,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year's international students.

②I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.③I stood for a minute watching them.④She stepped back appearing surprised.⑤Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling.⑥When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door， she recognized Tony Garcia's smiling face.

⑦A tall, dark woman approached her, singing loudly.⑧Joan watched curiously, thinking that the woman seemed a little crazy.⑨Cheng Hui walks around the desk jumping on one foot.⑩Hearing that his wife had been in an accident, Mr Armstrong hurried to the hospital to see her.⑾Being ill, he did not take part in the sports meeting.

2、①As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student.②When we met yesterday,he moved very close to me as I introduced myself.③They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know.④As I get to know more international friends, I learn more about this cultural“body language”.⑤When in Rome, do as the Romans do.⑥The car raced past, almost hitting us as it turned the corner.

3、①Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.②In the same way that people communicate with spoken language, they also express their feelings using unspoken“language”through physical distance, actions or posture.③These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in which cultures have developed.④Not all members of a culture behave in the same way.⑤Not all cultures use the handshake, and people in many Asian cultures do not always touch another person.

4、①The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.

②What was the most interesting body language discussed in this unit?

5、①Do you agree with the author's statement that body language is not good or bad?②We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel friendly and happy.

6、①Its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.

②However,the general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.③I think the whole purpose of the author was to show that our facial expressions can make our statements have no meaning.

④The traditional greeting in China was to cover the left hand with the right and bow.⑤In almost all cultures, to smile and show an open right hand means,“Welcome, you are safe with me.”

7、①Frowning and turning one's back to someone shows anger.②Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another person.③Nodding the head up and down is used for agreement almost worldwide.④Shaking the head from side to side means disagreement or refusal.⑤Looking away from people or yawning will,in most cases ,make me appear to be uninterested.⑥Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture.⑦Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that I am willing to listen.⑧What are some jobs in which using body language is extremely important?

8、①Some cultures use other greetings as well.

②It is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!③Why is it important to watch as well as listen to others?④Watch what people do as well as what they said.⑤Use your own ideas as well as the information on the tape.

9、①While cleaning out her dormitory room on her last day at university,she received an unexpected phone call.

②But today I felt quite at ease when giving a speech to the school.③When meeting people at the airport,most people smile and shake hands with people they meet.④People shake their hands when meeting people to show that they can be trusted.⑤To show respect Muslim people will touch their heart and mouth when greeting someone.⑥You have fallen and hurt your foot while hiking in the mountains.

10、①It seemed that he avoided getting too close to her.

②It is clear that your spoken English will greatly improve if you can practise speaking whenever you can.

③Driving his car around is his main hobby.

④Showing our hands means that we are not armed.

11、①What if we don't know who the new person is?

    ②What if we are not introduced by a friend?

    ③What if we are meeting a stranger in an unfamiliar place?

1、①Whichever and whatever you like,there is a theme park for you.②It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether you are travelling through space,visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character.

2、①As you wonder around the fantasy amusement park,you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street.②Plan your trip well before starting, since Futuroscope has so many shows.③Not all words can be converted,so be sure to memorize them as you find them.④We girls wanted to go to the zoo,but since we were in the minority,we lost to the boys,who all wanted the safari.⑤As we took the ride through the park's dark jungle,we could see the eyes of many creatures looking out at us.

3、①With all these attractions,no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.

②Tourism develops where a Disneyland is built.

③Where there is a river, there is a city.

④Where there is a will,there is a way.

⑤The PCC is set in 42 acres of beautiful countryside where visitors can see seven different traditional Polynesian island villages.

4、①Take a ride on the only steam-engine train still working in the southeast USA.②Visitors can get close to parts of the world they have never experienced,going to the bottom of the ocean,flying through the jungle or visiting the edges of the solar system.

③For anyone coming from out of town, Futuroscope had many excellent hotels nearby.④We know that in their history they were sea travellers moving from island to island.⑤They were able to find their way using the smell of the wind.

5、One day,news came that Britain's old king had died without a son.

6、①Opened in 1987,Futuroscope is one of the largest space-age parks in the world.②Polynesian is the name given to the many groups of small islands that are spread about the Pacific Ocean.

7、①The amazing,up-to-date information together with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in a completely new way for visitors.

②Learning centers throughout the park let visitors try their own scientific experiments, as well as learn more about space travel,the undersea world and much more.

③Futuroscope is not only for individuals,but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.

④We got the admission rate for students,which was great since I still had enough money to buy a brochure about the park as well as something at the souvenir shops.

8、①Be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers or other walking shoes.②Be sure to include what kind of park it is.

9、①Then practise reading the first paragraph aloud.

   ②I don't mind having a dog in the house, if it's clean.

   ③What kind of nail do carpenters want to avoid hitting?

   ④Don't miss going to see our fashion shows.

10、I don't think it's because he dislikes me.

11、①Some theme parks are not only amusing but also educational.②It not only shows visitors the Polynesian way of life but also protects their skills and culture for the future.

12、①If driving,Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway.

②If possible, make a small model of your theme park and display it to the class.

1、①Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed ?②He attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician .③As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.④Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea⑤He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went around the sun.⑥Then it spread to the richer areas as the servants passed it on.⑦As he loved mathematical puzzles, he wanted to know why this one wouldn't work.⑧As three and five are odd numbers, he called them"odd"points.⑨Name as many scientific subjects as you can.

2、①But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.②He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.③He/She will look in a special book written by Carl Linnaeus.

3、Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.

4、①terrified people.②the affected person.③the astonished people.④polluted water.⑤reserved seats.⑥excited people.⑦a boy called Jackie.⑧the tired boy.⑨the exhausted boy.⑩a mathematician called Leonhard Euler.⑾a whole new branch of mathematics called"topology".⑿your chosen scientist.

5、①became inspired.②became interested.③was determined to find out why.④were astonished at. ⑤was frightened.⑥was confused.⑦felt excited.⑧felt frightened.⑨became very excited.

6、①It seemed that the water was to blame.

   ②Some planets in the sky seemed to stop.

   ③Many doctors suspected that polluted water was to blame.

7、①She had it delivered to her house every day.

   ②He had the handle removed from the water pump.

8、①To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies (should) be examined.②The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.

9、①Read the passage and number these events in the order that they happened.②What order would you put them in?③Do not forget to put your ideas in a logical order.

10、①Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?②I had expected the film to be better.③If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years?

11、Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.

12、He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.

13、He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.

need、want、require、deserve

14、①So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.②The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea.③Now write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas.

15、①Then you will find it easier to do your persuasive writing.②Educated people in the twenty-first century find it hard to believe that two hundred years ago people did not link illness to problems in the envioronment.

16、John Snow's investigation proved that the dirtier the water, the more severe the illness.

17、①I was afraid to expose my true feelings in case he laughed at me.②I was never exposed to ballet until I was sixteen.③Mushrooms do not grow well if exposed to light.④Potatoes turn green when exposed to light.

18、①why Euler is considered to be a great mathematician.

    ②why they are considered important in science history.

19、No! Well, don't worry, Euler didn't either!

20、To his surprise, he found that he could cross six of the bridges.

21、①He joined these points together using curved lines to go over the bridges.②He noticed that some points had three lines going to them.③He counted the lines going to points A,B,C and D.④Using this new diagram Euler started at point A.⑤He had been able to go over the figure visiting each point but not going over any line twice or lifting his pencil from the page.⑥Now do these problems using Euler's rule.          

22、Not all of them do.

23、Was it because of his/her talent, intelligence, hard work, persistence, confidence, curiosity, enthusiasm or luck?

 

 

1、①How many countries does the UK consist  of？

   The UK consists of four countries.

   =The UK is made up of four countries.

   ②England can be divided into three main areas.

   ③Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century.

   ④The countries that make up Great Britain are  England，Wales and  Scotland。

2、①Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well .  ②…by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way.

  ③You find most of the population settled in the south.④We have got the house mended now？

have/get/find/……+object+past participle（object complement）→  have/get/find sth done         ⑤Have you had your hair cut？

   ⑥Do you want to have the dictionary delivered to your house？

   ⑦You had better get the computer repaired.

   ⑧They found the window broken.

  ⑨To her great surprise，Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers.

   ⑩so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.

   ⑾Who had the two princes killed?

  ⑿I found Shanghai changed a lot after such a long time.

 ⒀When I enter the house I found the telephone disconnected,the windows broken and the door opened.

  ⒁I had to get the kitchen cleaned,the cooker repaired and the floor washed.   ⒂Mrs Smith had had the house examined and locked a few months ago.   ⒃I'll get the broken window repaired.  (P.51)

3、①This was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.  ②It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors .③You have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans . ④It has the oldest port built by……，the oldest building begun by ……and the oldest castle constructed by……in 1066.⑤There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after……in 1666.

 ⑥But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures……displayed in the museum .⑦It is an imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world.

4、①What geographical factors make it difficult to invade England successfully ? ②You may have a few problems understanding the guide.

 ③How long does it take to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow Airport？

5、①Worried about the time available，Zhang Pingyu had made…….

   ②It looked splendid when first built！

   ③Fawkes，disappointed at the government's behaviour ,agreed.

6、①It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.  ②What interested her most was the longitude line.  ③That is why，even today，when people can follow any religion they like，families still have firework parties and burn cloth dolls of Guy Fawkes on a bonfire.

   ④They remember a time in England when people were not as tolerant of each other's ideas as they are now.

  ⑤Do you think Guy Fawkes or King James were right to behave the way they did？         7、Not all dates will have information.

8、Finally discuss what might have happened if King James had kept his promise.        9、The broken window needs repairing.   

 

   1、Which problems do you think people will have overcome in one  thousand  years?

2、①I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008.   ②Many people need to be reminded of the job opportunities in space stations.

3、①Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.   ②Well-known for their expertise,his parents' company,called "Future Tours", transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.

   ③Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.

   ④Having said this, he spread some food on the table.

   ⑤Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.

   ⑥Arriving at a strange-looking house,he showed me into a large,bright clean room. ⑦Frightened by the loud noise,I went to see what was happening.   ⑧Built in 1910,the museum is almost 100 years old.

   ⑨Very astonished by the amount of work in the new timetable, Lucy decided to leave her job immediately.

   ⑩Left alone on a desert island,I'd practise swimming so that I could esacpe.  ⑪Translated into English, it should sell very well.

  ⑫Described as an enormous round plate,it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity. ⑬I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency.

4、①……to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.

   ②Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today.

   ③……because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.

   ④The room connected to the rest of the house by a long passage is completely empty.

  ⑤The queen was sitting in a royal carriage drawn by four horses.

   ⑥The vehicle mentioned in the book is unknown to me.

  ⑦My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in space.

5、①I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market. ②I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown.③That is why we persuade families not to lose sight of the advantages that come from a period of time in space.

  ④Well, now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.

6、①At first people may find the adjustment to space life difficult to tolerate. ②What would you do if you found yourself alone on a desert island?③The sea bottom is deep and this makes it difficult to contact the surface.

7、①The representative from the time travel company gave her the impression that the space capsule was easy to handle.

   ②No matter how hard she tried,Aunt Betty was unable to restart the engine.

8、①Michael stared as though he had never seen his fatherbefore.

   ②She walked home as if she was floating on air.

9、①Aprincess once owned a magical chair made of gold and silver.   ②On his birthdau he received a mysterious present wrapped in gold paper.   ③Interrwpted by the bell,he was unable to finish his speech.

   ④Awakened by a noise at midnight,she saw a thief in her room.

   ⑤Having once fallen in love,a mumu will stay with his/her partner for life. ⑥Once disturbed, he was unable to get back to sleep again.

10、Everyone will get twice as much personal space as in flats on land.

11、①There will be no suffering here.

    ②There has been a problem in the past.

    ③There will also be computers throughout the city.

    ④Of course there will be no household worries.

12、①At first I wasn't too worried, as there is a backup system in case things go wrong.

    ②When that didn't work either, I realized that we had two serious problems.

13、Living under the sea at great pressure has bad effects on the body.

14、①They found the temple destroyed after the earthquake.

    ②He had a dog called Fifi.

    ③Left alone, he felt sad and depressed.

    ④Assisted by his neighbours,Mr Jones finally caught the thief.

1、①Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. ②Not only am I interested in photography,but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.③Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. ④I did not know how to use the recorder .Neither did he. ⑤“Is everything ready yet?” asked Hu Xin to the photographer. ⑥Seldom have I seen a situation which made me so angry. ⑦Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in the horse riding competition ⑧Not only did Zhou Jie receive an admission notice to Beijing University,but he also won a scholarship to study in America.

   ⑨He didn't come again,nor did he write to her.

   ⑩Little did he realize how disappointed she was.

   ⑪Hardly had she arrived home when it began to rain heavily.

   ⑫Not until I saw his letter did I find out he was a liar.

   ⑬No sooner had he got home than he had to go out to see his sick mother. ⑭Alan doesn't like football and Michael doesn't either.→ …,Nor/Neither does Michael. ⑮He has finished doing his homework.So have I.

2、①His discussion with his new boss,Hu Xin, was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.  ②I felt delighted as I was to assist him.    ③It seemed that the water was to blame.

④No one is to leave this building without the permission of the police.(p.77)

3、①Here comes my list of dos and don'ts:

   ②There came a loud series of knocks on the door.

   ③In the doorway stood a small boy and his father.

   ④Here comes the bus ! There goes the bell!

   ⑤Now comes your chance to shine.  ⑥Off flew the cuckoo.

   ⑦Following the roar,out rushed a grizzly bear from behind the rock.   ⑧Down came the rain. Out came the sun.

      here、there、up、down、out、away、off、in.

4、①You 'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you.

   ②You may find these expressions useful.

5、①They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.②Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?

   ③A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.

   ④The law does not allow people to accuse themselves of a crime.  ⑤He claimed Alex had robbed him of many bags of gold while he was asleep.⑥He said that he had warned his landlord of this danger.⑦He decided to break him of this habit.⑧But first Alex asked a favour of him.⑨One day his landlord accused him of committing a crime.

6、①He denied taking money but we were sceptical.②He tried to stop us publishing it.③I don't mind acquiring that skill if it is useful.④Practise in pairs making appointments. ⑤I look forward to seeing you.

7、①So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him .②So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty.③Zhou Yang needs to answer a letter from a student asking how to become a journalist.④ZhouYang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style.⑤Running after the man he tripped and felt over, pushing the thief to the ground too.

8、①It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.②In pairs make a list of things that the film star might have done.

9、①You are supposed to be the secretary of an important person.

   ②A primary source is more likely to be true than a secondary one.

10、①He needs to have his picture taken for a magazine. ②He would like to have it taken in the morning.③The king had his queen killed.

11、①It is the first time that spotted deer have produced young with entirely white fur!②Fred Smith's photographs support his idea that the Turkish fans started the fight. ③Eyewitnesses said it was the best football tackle they had ever seen!

12、①Alex did not want his landlord to sleep with all his gold under his bed.②Then it developed into a serious fight with everyone involved.

13、①Doing a radio or TV interview is fun and interesting.

    ②Collecting and writing news is like researching in history.

1、①If possible,discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations.②First degree burns turn white when pressed.

③Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. ④If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.

⑤While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron.

⑥ Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area, when necessary.(=when a bandage is necessary.)⑦He went to the doctor because he had to .⑧She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not.

   ⑨Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most haven't.⑩To her teacher's surprise ,she did better in her first aid exam than expected .⑪ I don't think they have returned from the hospital , but they might have.⑫You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to.⑬When congraulating John, she said,"......"

⑭A:Can I visit you after the ceremony is over?

   B:Yes, I'd love you to.

⑮Unplug electric blankets when not in use.

⑯Have a telephone near the bed, especially if ill.

⑰Don't plug in an electrical appliance or use it while standing in water.⑱When cooking, do not let oil touch flames or other sources of heat.⑲When carrying out rescue breathing, how many times a minute should you blow air into the victim's mouth?

2、①But there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.②It is where you feel cold, heat or pain.

③So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.④Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.⑤Never put butter, oil or ointment on burns as they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.

⑥There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.

⑦The instructions are written step by step,in the order that they are meant to happen.⑧He who has health has hope;and he who has hope has everything.

3、It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.

4、①Would you have done the same as John?②What advice should the operator have given Mrs Grant to avoid making the accident worse?③What could Mrs Grant have done to avoid the accident happening?④How do you think the accident could have been prevented?

5、①And always keep a first-aid kit in your home—just in case there is an accident.②Use heaters very carefully as they can set objects on fire.

6、①You should have her lie down and rest.

   ②After your performance, get your classmates to tell you if you left out any important information.

 1、①If you could have three of these paintings on the walls of your classroom, which would you choose?

②If you were an artist, what kind of pictures would you paint？

③Have you ever wished you could paint as well as a professional artist?④If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no once would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.

⑤Without the new paints and the new technique,we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.

⑥He would come to the party if he did not have to work.

　=He wants to come, but he cannot just because he has to work.

⑦If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.

⑧You feel as if you were inside a fragile, white seashell.

⑨Who first suggested they visit art galleries?

⑩Why did Steve Lee wish they had talked to Mr Hang's wife before they went shopping? ⑾She wishes she were beautiful.⑿I wish I were an architect because then I would be able to design my own house.⒀If I were a butterfly, I would fly to drink nectar in the most beautiful flowers in the world.⒁If I were a big tree, I would grow so tall that I'd touch the sky.

2、①Would you rather have Chinese or Western-style paintings in your home?②What would you rather do—paint pictures,make sculptures, or design buildings?③Liu Hulan would rather die than give in.④Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York.

3、①As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.

②A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were.

③They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.

④The painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes.⑤As a man looking after Van Gogh's paintings said：“I would not be surprised if the number (of "masterpieces")grows to more than 200.”⑥As the marble statue is too large for the garden, the housewife won't buy it.⑦As he looked around him, he noticed how the shadow of the trees were growing longer as time passed.

⑧But sadly I'm not, so I must make the best of life as it is!

4、①The art exhibition is worth seeing.

   ② Frick's beautiful home and garden are well worth a visit.

5、These art works are not all displayed at the same time.

6、Many were considered to be Van Gogh's own work by important art critics.

7、①But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13 th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.

②It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum.

③Number the presents1- 4 to show the order in which you hear them discussed.

1、These little poems and songs might have been some of the first poetry you learned.

should / must / may/might/can/could /need have done/been.

2、①There are various reasons why people write poerty.

  ②Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression.

3、①Some rhyme (Like B) while others do not (like C).

   ②I like tea while my brother likes coffee.

4、①With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.

②Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.③With the teacher helping me, I worked out the problem easily.④Have you noticed the room with its window open?

5、①If Jack had scored that goal, we would have won our first football match.②If Ben had passed the ball to Joe, we would have won our first football match.③If we hadn't stayed up so late the night before, we would have won our first football match.④If you had come earlier, you would not have missed the exciting scene in the movie.⑤If Rob hadn't injured himself, we would have won.

⑥If she had studied harder, she would have got the diploma.

⑦If Alfred had paid more attention at the time, he would not have missed the teacher's instructions.

⑧If she had been there on time, the bride and bridegroom would have felt happier.⑨We would have won the championship easily if we had got Mr Han to coach us.⑩If I had taken your advice, I would have passed the final exam.

⑾She would have waited for him if he had asked.

⑿I would have been on time if my mother had woken me up.

⒀He would have won the race if he hadn't tripped over.

⒁  If I didn't go to the gym every day, I would put on weight.

    If he had worked hard, he would have passed the exam.

⒂If he had not worked hard for a long time, he would not have translated the Chinese poem into English eventually.

⒃I would have loved you if you had behaved better.

⒄If you had called me, I wouldn't have gone.

6、When I was a baby, my mother used to read me nursery rhymes.

7、①Try beating or clapping the strong beats of the rhythm as you read the poem to yourself.

②Then try to use them to talk about your plan.

③ Try to write about 6 lines.④I think I'll try writing a haiku.

8、①Although the future may be difficult for you, whenever you need warmth and love, remember I'll have some to give you.

②While you're away I'll remember your smile and I'll love you always.

9、①Listing words that rhyme is a good way to remember vocabulary.②Writing poems is also a good way to learn vocabulary.

③Singing along with your favourite songs is fun way to practise your English.

 

 

 

 

 

 

1、It的用法

A、形式it：形式主语和形式宾语

①It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle

20 kilometres in an afternoon.    ②It is easier to fall than to rise.

③It is no good/use crying over spilt milk.

④He found it difficult to accustom himself to getting up early.

⑤I think it best that you should do more exercise.

⑥It was disappointing that he refused my invitation.

⑦She thought it no good worrying about him.

⑧It is believed that smoking causes cancer by most people.

⑨It is astonishing that China produces one third of world's cigarettes.

⑩It is very likely that you will die if you get infected with HIV.

⑾It is quite probable that you will get stressed.

B、强调it：

①In fact it is the mental addiction rather than the physical effects that makes it really hard to quit smoking.

②It is human activity that has caused this global warming.

③It was on a dark and stormy night that the old man started his journey.   ④It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.

C、非人称代词it：时间、距离、天气、日期、地点、温度、环境等

①It is a beautiful day.②It was time to quit smoking.

③It is 10 kilometres to the castle. ⑤It was beginning to rain.

④It was a dark and stormy night when the old man started his journey.

2、①I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.②During adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.③First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.

④This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed

to having nicotine in it.⑤This will prevent sexual fluid from passing from one person to another.

3、①You are finding it difficult to give up smoking.

  ②If you do, you'll find it very hard to concentrate on your exam the next day.

4、①Did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways?②As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.③She told me that she wouldn't go out with me again unless I stopped smoking.

④Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself

that you are a non-smoker.⑤Do some relaxation exercises every time you feel stressed.⑥You really have no idea just how hopeless cancer can make you feel.⑦A person cannot get HIV the first time they have sex.⑧Do you think any of your health habits will change now that you have finished this unit?

5、①I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain.②Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS risks getting the virus.③After having practised giving advice on health issues, would you now be able to advise on……about?

6、①But I did finally manage.

②It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed to quit and so can you.③Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.④However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.⑤I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.

7、①It was time to quit smoking.

   ②It is time for you to go to bed.③It is time for class.

8、①What other information could have been included?

   ②Blood could have spilt on it.

   ③This may have been true in the past.

9、①Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was not used to the cold of Northern Europe.②Giving up smoking is difficult.

③Do not share anything else that a person has used while injecting drugs.④When answering open-ended questions, don't worry about whether your answer is right or wrong.⑤However, today, the number of young people becoming infected through sexual activity is increasing.

1、①But it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.

 ②This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and

therefore warm the earth.

③The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

④It is clear what the effects of global warming will be.

2、①There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer.

②All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.

③What are some ways that plastic bags could be reused?

④However, I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.

⑤Apart from the fact that butts spoil the beauty of the environment, they contain some very toxic chemicals.

⑥Underline the evidence Tom gives to support his argument that cigarette butts are an environmental problem.

3、①It is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.

②It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.

③They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.

④It is fossil fuels that much of the energy used to light and heat

our homes comes from.

⑤It is for centuries that carbon dioxide has the tendency to stay in the atmosphere while other greenhouse gases stay in the atmosphere only for a day or less.

⑥It is their very existence that low-lying countries feel is in danger from rising sea levels.

⑦It is future climate changes and their effects on our environment that scientists want to find out about.

⑧It was by several metres, in the years ahead, that the level of the sea could rise because of global warming.

⑨It was during the 20th century that the temperature of the earth went up about one degree Fahrenheit.

⑩Who is it that runs Millennium Kids?

⑾Where is it that the young people decide which projects to concentrate on?

⑿It is at this conference that we decide which projects we want to work on in the following year.

⒀It was through one of these projects about five years ago that I first became involved in Millennium Kids.

4、①It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not, turn it off.

②Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.

③If you can, buy things made from recycled materials.

④You can add more suggestions if you like.

5、It is up to people not to let plastic bags become litter.

1、①Have you ever considered how weak humans are comparedwith a volcano, hurricane or earthquake?

 ②I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian

Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.

③Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.④Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.

⑤Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice.

⑥Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory,we put them on before we went any closer.

⑦Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.⑧But this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.⑨Having learned a little more about the work of a volcanologist,do you think it is an occupation you would enjoy?

⑩Fred Spears works in a wildlife park looking after wild animals.

⑾Charles Wild works in a laboratory doing research on disease.

⑿Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.⒀Having taken the wrong bus, Martin found himself in an unfamiliar district.⒁Havig given her opinion about protecting the environment, she left the meeting.

⒂Having bought the precious necklace, she had no money left.

⒃Having spent all day at home writing, the novelist went out for a walk in the evening.

⒄Having arrived early for his date, Mark spent time reading the

newspaper. ⒅Because I had experienced earthquakes before, I wasn't frightened.→Having experienced earthquakes before,……

⒆After we had stopped the car, we found ourselves trapped in thick fog and couldn't see clearly ahead.→Having stopped the car,……

⒇Because I had spent all night reading the documents I was very tired the next day.→Having spent all night reading the documents,……(21)As the child had never seen a rainbow before, he was very excited.→Never having seen a rainbow before, the child was very excited.(22)Having taken a drink, I felt rather uncomfortable.(23)Having rested for a while I felt better.

(24)Having heard a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests.

(25)Having swallowed the fruit, the girl became pregnant and later gave birth to a handsome boy.

(26) I told Peter not to be late, I was very angry when he still wasn't home at midnight.→Having told Peter not to be late,……

(27)Having put on my blue dress I carried a bunch of flowers.

(28)After the wedding, I left the church walking slowly behind my aunt and her husband.

(29)Using the car seat as a step she climbed first onto the front of the car and then onto the roof.

2、①Yet, however weak we are, we are not completely powerless=Yet, no matter how weak we are,……

②As long as you have ten minutes warning, you will survive no matter how powerful the actual tsunami may be.

3、①Can you imagine climbing into a live volcano in order to measure the temperature of the boiling rock inside?

②Can you imagine doing such dangerous work as part of your job?③Do you think you would enjoy studying volcanoes as a job?

④Do you dislike doing the same thing every day?

⑤Do you like working outside as well as inside?

⑥My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea.⑦Would you mind me opening the windows?

⑧I prefer glancing through the headlines first to reading the articles carefully.

4、①I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.

②They heard the volcano was about to erupt.

5、It was at that moment that I realized something was wrong.

6、①It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for language and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.

②It is believed that John will help us with some money.

③It is hoped that it won't rain on our camping day.

7、①She had planned to cook him a nice meal.

had wanted/ meant/hoped/planned to do sth、had thought of doing sth

②Is there anything else that you think Sara should have done.

8、①Sara dressed baby James in warm clothes.

②In the morning I went to my aunt's house to get dressed.

9、①Make a timeline to show the order in which the events happened.②Listen and write 1—7 beside the events to show the order in which they happened.

10、①What preparations has your community made in case of a natural disaster?

in this case、in that case、in any case、in no case、in case of emergency、in case 从句

②Please bring an umbrella with you in case it rains.

  模块七          

1、①Does this disability make it difficult for them to do some things? ②She is proud to have taken part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps (800 metres) this year.

③Her ambition is to become part of the national team for the next Paralympic Games.④Now his ambition is to become an actor.

⑤He hopes to become a teacher.

hope/wish/promise/agree/expect/want/decide/determine/plan/would like/refuse/prepare/offer to do sth

⑥The doctors don't know how to make me better.

teach/show/train sb how to do sth、do not know how to do sth/what to do/which to choose/where to go/ when to start.

⑦It is difficult to know what the future holds.

⑧I was too weak to go to school.

⑨I am happy to have found many things I can do.

⑩My ambition is to work for a firm.

⑾To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.⑿I am sorry to have kept you waiting.

⒀I seem to have forgotten so many things now that Christmas is here.⒁I was supposed to have finished all my shopping by now.

⒂Nobody is said to have finished till there's no more left to buy.

⒃He is known to have spent eighteen years fighting for slaves.

⒄To free slaves was his ambition.⒇What do you plan to do next?⒅Have you ever wished to go back in time?

⒆In pairs discuss who you would like to have met.

(21)But my next climbing ambition is to go up Mount Qomolangma one day.

(22)You are to be the architect for the new Bankstown cinema.

(23)For disabled customers it would be more convenient to place

the toilets near the entrance to the cinema.

(24)I had wanted to clean out the basement in his absence, but unfortunately I didn't have time.(25) The bench was hard to sit on.

(26)The question is difficult to answer.

(27)a、He had forgotten to bring his raincoat and he was wet through.  b、I shall never forget seeing the Potala Palace for the first time.   forget to do、forget doing、remember to do、remember doing、stop to do、stop doing、try to do、try doing、regret to do、regret doing、mean to do、mean doing

(28)The doors should be wide enough to enter.

(29)She is old enough to go to school.

(30)This would allow hearing-impaired customers to enjoy the company of their hearing friends.      allow sb to do sth

(31)Polite forms are used to encourage the reader to take the ideas seriously.                 encourage sb to do sth

2、①He had the questions read to him.

②Having a book published is a great achievement for anyone.

3、①Sally leads a busy life.②I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it.③Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.④In other words they can lead a more fulfilling life.

4、①I used to climb trees, swim and play football.

②In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football.

③They used to sit around in their own homes after being educated in special schools.

5、I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.

6、①What do you think is the most difficult thing that Marty has to deal with in his life?

②There was a time when children with mental disabilities were

prevented from living a normal life in many ways.

③A master was able by law to treat his servants as he wished—even working them to death if he wanted to.

④What is it that first attracted you to working with guide dogs?

⑤What do you think is the most frustrating thing that a person with a disability has to live with?

7、①As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.

②She has to adapt to training programmes as well as mixing with other able-bodied athletes.

③Most also explain rules for using the words as well as giving the meaning.

8、①Where on earth could you have put it?

②I might have left it on the kitchen table.

③Do you think the weak-sighted or blind climbers could have climbed the mountain without them?

④So I'd like to suggest that the seats at the back be p, laced higher than those at the front so that everyone can see the screen easily.⑤The situation would not have happened if a qualified architect had been employed to design a building with wheelchair access.⑥Do you think your article would have been better or worse if you had written it by yourself.

9、①Living well means enjoying the same rights and the same opportunities for a good life.②I hope you will not mind me writing to ask if you have thought about the needs of disabled customers.

③a、I regret to tell you that Mr Brown has already left using the back exit.  b、It cost me a great deal, but I don't regret spending a year travelling around the world.

                Unit 2   Robots

1、① It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Claire.

②The robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.

③It was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.

④How awful to be discovered by her.

⑤Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.

⑥What a sweet victory to be envied by those women.

⑦Tony would have to be rebuilt.

⑧The company's new car is going to be designed in the coming months.⑨Since Claire had become attached to Tony,the robot needed to be rebuilt.⑩Tim refused to be accompanied by his father when he went for a haircut.⑾The desire to be known as a great writer inspires many young authors.⑿He felt it was absurd to be filled with hatred for someone he had never met.⒀The new product is available to be tested out by interested customers.

⒁She was very beautiful but she did not like to be envied by so many people.⒂Since these aprons are of such poor quality, they need to be set aside and taken back to the shop.⒃She was to be accompanied by her neighbour, Sally.⒄A robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.⒅I did not expect to be interviewed by the general manager.⒆The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room.

⒇She hates to be laughed at by her classmates.

(21)He doesn't want to be interrupted while writing.

(22)These rules are to be obeyed by everyone.

(23)These are the issuses to be discussed tomorrow.

(24)It is wrong for him to be made to work all night.

(25)The mail needs to be sent right away.

(26)The singer refused to be photographed.

(27)We seem to be losing the fight against landmines.

(28)The students are to be accompanied to the theatre.

(29)It was terrible for her to be embarrassed in such a way.

2、①It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtain of the front window.②It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.③What is worse is that they keep causing damage for decades after wars have ended.

3、①You cannot have women falling in love with machines.

have sb/sth doing sth、have sth done、have sb do sth=make/let sb do sth=get sb to do sth②Have one member of your group explain your design to the rest of the class.

③Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.

4、①While some owners were firm with their robot's suggestions, others would turn around and walk out of the shop,feeling embarrassed.②While, every year, about 100,000 landmines are removed, 2,000,000 more are buried in the ground.

5、Who thinks taking Tony away must have hurt Claire?

6、①How often do you write in English?

how often、 how soon、how long、how many、how much、how old、how high、how heavy、how big.

②It is 4 metres long, 18 metres wide, 1 metre high，and weighs 900 kilograms, about the size of a small car.

7、 ①As with anything, the more you practise, the better you become.②It is the same with writing in English—the more you write, the better your writing will be.

1、① I had already heard that George didn't like being kept waiting.②I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.③Being badly wounded, the whale soon died.

④I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.

⑤I saw James being firmly held up in the water by us.

⑥James was afraid of being attacked by sharks.

⑦Being held up in the water by old Tom, James was confident he would survive.

⑧Being included in the hunt was a great thrill for Clancy.

⑨Having been accepted by the whalers, the killers were able to

get a good feed from the whale.

⑩Clancy didn't mind being told what to do .

⑾Being helped out by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make a successful kill.

⑿The children enjoyed being taken to the aquarium.

⒀It seemed the sea lion didn't mind being photographed with the tourists after all.

⒁"In fact, the chances of anybody being swallowed by a whale are rather low," said the researcher.

⒂Second, nets are in danger of being cut loose by fisherman.

⒃So many animals being caught in driftnets make many think that it is necessary to have a worldwide ban on all driftnet fishing.

⒄When I was young I used to dislike being told to lay the table

for dinner while I was watching my favourite TV programme.

⒅Peter is excited about being invited to the party.

⒆The woman doesn't like being kept waiting by anyone.

⒇The boy is afraid of being attacked by the dog.

(21)The audience is delighted to see the girl being awarded a prize.(22)The man is tired of being shouted at by his boss.

(23)After being blamed for failing the exam, the child started crying.(24)Many people tend to be attracted by climbing a high mountain.(25)I don't think that needs to be changed.

(26)Some species need to be protected.

(27)The chance of being bitten by a shark is actually very small.

(28)After having heard the shark expert talk about sharks, how would you answer that question now?

(29)She doesn't like being told what to do.

(30)She didn't like to be told what to do.

2、①What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out?②It was the most fantastic thing I have ever done.

③The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.④Number the places where these attacks happened in the order you hear them.⑤Then listen and number the statements in the order that you hear them.

⑥It is said that Sedna has power over all the animals in the sea.

3、①I might have been swallowed instead.

②A large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it.③What do you think happened or should have happened to Sedna's father?

4、①I 'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand.②There were other creatures that I didn't want to get too close to—an eel with its strong sharp teeth, with only its head showing from a hole, watching for a tasty fish (or my tasty toe!)

5、①The fish didn't seem to mind me swimming among them.

② I'm looking forward to talking to you.

③Which new words and phrases would you like to practise using?

6、①When they arrived at the island, Sedna looked around and could see nothing except bare rock with a kind of nest made from seaweed, animal hair and feathers.②No matter how angry she felt, she had no choice but to stay with him.

7、①There was one day when we were out in the bay during a hunt and James was washed off the boat.

②They are about the days when Clancy was a whaler and hunted whales.③It was a time when the killer whales, or "killers" as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales.

④And then Old Tom was off and back to the hunt where the other killers were still attacking the whale.

⑤And Sedna, when she could no longer fight to keep herself alive, sank to the bottom too, where she became the goddess of the sea.

1、①Thanks for your letter, which took a fortnight to arrive.

②I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.

③The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.

④Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.

⑤But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.

⑥We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.

⑦When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying "ieee ieee".

⑧The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars.

⑨He was the nicest boy she had ever met, otherwise she would not have fallen in love with him.

⑩The reason why he was late for school was that he was watching an interview of the first Chinese astronaut on TV.

⑾The reason why I didn't finish my homework was that I had a terrible headache.

⑿I won't ever forget the day when my team won the soccer competition.

⒀I'd like to go to a place where I can go swimming every day.

⒁I'm thinking of a shape which has four straight sides of different lengths with four 90 °angles.

⒂The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it. ⒃Number the items below in the order that you first hear them.

⒄Have you come up with any ways we can raise money to buy a new TV for the school?

⒅I found a sleeping boy in my seat on the train.→

I found a boy who was sleeping in my seat on the train.

⒆Alice had an arranged marriage→Alice had a marriage which was arranged for her.

⒇People in need of a big loan should come to our bank.→People who are in need of a big loan should come to our bank.

(21) 1) The few times that I go swimming in the new swimming pool were very disappointing because it was too cold to swim there.

2) I'll share the little food that I have brought with me with all of you.3) There was nothing that she could do becouse she was very ill.4) Everything that you provided for us was useful.

5) Something that her boyfriend did really upset her.

6) Have you got anything that you don't want anymore?

7) The best thing that I have ever done was to go on a trip overseas.8) It was the most beautiful comb that I have ever had.

9) It is the first time that I have looked at this picture from so many different angles.

(22) Although they still have time to play, they also have to help with daily jobs, which can take up a lot of time.

(23) What are the different ways the patients' eyes are being examined?(24) The film on TV last night was the worst one that I have ever seen.

2、①Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.

②Well, that's actually quite difficult as I don't speak much of the local English dialect yet.

③My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we climbed down the mountain towards home.

④ As you listen, check your answers.

⑤In this part of the world children grow up fast as they have to make a contribution to the family finances.

3、Tombe's father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof.

4、Once the fire was going, he laid stones on it.

5、①We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire.

②I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language.③Later, I noticed a tin can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.④During their spare time, Orlando's family love to sit around their radio with friend, listening to the news and music.

6、①He enjoys playing with toy cars and singing.

②We look forward to writing to you again about Orlando and his family's progress and achievements.

③Shanshan loves practising speaking English.

7、Here she is having her eyes examined before cataract surgery at Xinfeng County Hospital, China.

1、① It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.

②She is halfway through the preparation year,which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.

③"You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning," explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in China.

④Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.            ⑤I remember the first essay I did for my tutor.

⑥He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.⑦The bird cages, some of which were in poor condition, were sold by the shopkeeper at half price.

⑧Joan passed her exam, which surprised me a great deal.

⑨The dogs, all of which were small and white with long hair,barked loudly.

⑩The battery to which the robot toys were connected failed to work last night.

⑾I asked the doctor to tell me the reason why my hands were numb sometimes.

⑿Peter, who people used to think was quiet, danced and sang all evening.

⒀As far as I'm concerned, Anne, whose daughter is in my class, should not be going to America next year.

⒁He went on a bus tour with a group of people, most of whom had never travelled before.

⒂Jamie, whose parents lived on a remote part of the highlands,hated the idea of travelling overnight to Scotland on the train.

⒃In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boat can travel.

⒄I cannot remember the name of the travel agency, with which

we booked our trip to India.

⒅There were many cages, in which people keep birds, for sale in that market.

⒆The scientists all agreed that the rules of physics, with which we were all familiar, govern the world.

⒇I thanked my colleagues, to whom I felt very grateful, for letting me join their Rugby team.

(21)My students, most of whom have computers at home, can search for the information on the Internet.

(22)That tool, with which you mended the kettle, is very useful.

(23) I saw my cousin, with whom I travelled all round India, when she visited China.

(24)Yesterday I talked to my friend, to whom I gave the documents to take back to England.

(25)What is the most interesting thing you have learned about Peru in this unit?

2、It's not just study that's difficult.

3、①The preparation course is most beneficial.

②Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing.

4、①She deserves to succeed.②Good work deserves good pay.③One good turn deserves another.

5、①Where do you think this article might have been published?②Add two or three other problems she might have had.

6、①Mei Jie is planning a three-week holiday in Italy and France.②During this four-day walking tour, you will be amazed by mountain scenery.③Accommodation is in 4, 5 or 6-bed room.

④You can travel on any lo days in a 2-month period.

7、①So having checked into the Holiday Inn, Mariam settled in and began her tour of the capital city.

②However, having seen the Ming Tombs, she was eager to make a trip to Xi' an to see the terracotta warriors.

8、①No matter where you go to in the world, Youthtravel is there too.②As this is a brainstorming exercise, no matter how unlikely a situation is, you should still list it.

9、①The people did not approve of women walking around in clothes that didn't cover them properly.

②Would you consider studying in a foreign country?

③Would you consider staying with a host family?

④Would you enjoy staying in a youth hostel?

10、①When changing planes,…②…while travelling overseas   ③If travelling alone,…        ④When travelling,…

⑤…while travelling in a foreign country.   ⑥If possible,…

11、It's possible you could have all your money stolen while travelling.

1、名词性从句包括：宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句。后接同位语从句的抽象名词常见的有：fact、doubt、truth、regulation、idea、news、hope、promise、decision、possibility、chance、message、impression、belief、assumption、suggestion、question等。同位语从句通常由that、why、whether、what等引导。

①The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.②There is also a fierce debate over the question whether human cloning experiments should be allowed.

③I have no idea why he left the party without being noticed.

④He often asked me the question when we would start our project.⑤I had my doubts whether he would be able to arrive.

⑥Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.

⑦However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

⑧Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.

⑨That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.

⑩It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.

⑾What attracts people to California is its pleasant climate and relaxed lifestyle.

⑿Whether Native Americans arrived in California 15, 000 years ago or 14,000 years ago is not important.

⒀The fact that they arrived a long time before Europeans is what matters.⒁ The customs office is where your baggage is inspected when you enter or leave a country.

⒂Why she didn't tell you herself is what I want to know.

⒃It is essential that you get a visa before you travel to the USA.

⒄ What George discovered in California was different from what he saw in the movies.

⒅Where they got all that money is what I can't explain.

⒆It didn't occur to me that there'd be a big festival on at the same time as my holiday.

⒇That Julie became a poet may have been due to her uncle's influene.(21)Why he chose Harvard University to further his studies is clear to everybody.

(22)When he'll return from New York depends a great deal on his health.  (23)That is why you have to study the history of your motherland. (24)The problem is that there is nowhere that he wanted to go for his holiday.

2、①California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.

②The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

③It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world.

④Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.

3、It was the building of the rail network from the west to the east that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.

4、When he reached the North Pole, he found nothing exciting except for a sign marking the spot.

5、Not everyone is rich and not everyone lives near the beach.

6、Although some boys in his situation might have turned to crime to get money for food and clothing, Louis never did.

7、①He was sent to a school for problem boys where the music teacher taught him to play drums and the trumpet.

②When he left the school two years later, Louis found work wherever he could and in the evenings went to listen and learn at clubs where jazz musicians played.

③In 1922 he began travelling to other cities in the United States

where he introduced his particular style of jazz to enthusiastic audiences.④From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA.⑤Put the mark "Q" in the places where George has left out some words.⑥This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco.

8、①Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie.

②Born in New Orleans in 1901, Louis was so poor that he often went "shopping" in rubbish bins outside fancy restaurants.

9、①Louis Armstrong continued to live a simple life.

②He continued playing and recording until July 6th, 1971, when he died in his sleep at his home in New York.

1、①The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.

②The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.

③Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.

④Dolly the sheep became a scientific breakthrough when the news that she had been born was announced in 1997.

⑤However, the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.

⑥On 14th February 2003 scientists made the decision that Dolly should be put to sleep.

⑦The fact that Dolly died when she was quite young disappointed people the world over.

⑧Scientists hold the belief that cloning may lead to many important scientific breakthroughs and medical treatments.

⑨Scientists believe human cloning is just a matter of time but the assumption that human clones have already been born hasn't been proved yet.⑩John told the truth that he failed in the test.

⑾The law that human cloning is forbidden has been passed in our country.⑿Charles agreed to the regulation that he must have safety training.⒀Yesterday I was glad to get a message that the interview went well.⒁I got the impression that everyone in class did well in the performance.

⒂He was working on the assumption that if he produced a clone of the dog, his boss would approve his promotion.

⒃He gave a suggestion in his report that a further investigation should be made.⒄I have some hope that he will soon be well again.

⒅The mayor approved our idea that traffic conditions should be improved.⒆Michael and Sue made a decision that they should buy a new car.⒇So they made a plan that they would save money for six months.(21)So he made the decision that he would study earth sciences at university.

(22) Luckily the possibility that he spoke many languages helped him become a star when the TV company visited Russia.

2、Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated.

3、It is a difficult task to undertake.

4、Compared with her family, and especially her nephew, her niece Daisy is very honest about her opinions.

5、①So Freddy made up his mind to enjoy his singing and to accumulate as many happy experiences as he could so that when he retired he would be able to look back on his life.

②It seems the benefits are so obvious that we hope you will be able to support our side's point of view.

③It seems that the problems for human cloning will be even more serious as no human has yet been cloned.

6、①She must have left home as she was wandering round the town at midnight.

   ②She must have gone to the hospital to see her mother.

7、Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.

8、①Which extinct animals are worth restoring by means of cloning?②It is too similar to the zebra to be worth the trouble of restoring it.

9、The more you do this, the more you will find yourself becoming comfortable with the sound of the language.

10、①But only last week he succeeded in restoring a dead mouse to life as a clone.

②It has been most successful in cloning some animals—but not all.

11、 ①He was a vain man who enjoyed arriving at a parry in time to have his photographs taken with famous guests.

②Billy's mother will have her pet dog cloned before it dies.

③Getting your pet cloned in America can give you a good holiday.

12、It is a sort of competition with a chairperson in charge to make sure of fair play.

13、①The person who is leading the team that supports the topic will speak first.②The person who is leading the team that disagrees with the topic will speak next.

14、①I would like to suggest that medical cloning is not as simple an issue as my colleague claims.

 ②Organize it as you have been shown in this unit.

   so interesting a book、such an interesting book.

1、Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention approved?

2、①Snakes seem to have made their home here.

②Nobody seemed to have thought about inventing new ones.

③The most wonderful gifts seem to be given to certain human beings.

3、①The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.②Prepared with some research findings, I decided on three possible approaches.③But once picked up, they tried to bite me.④The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.⑤But monitored carefully, the snakes proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan.

⑥Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.

⑦The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.

⑧In Japan scientists have managed to produce pigs that have a plant gene inserted into their DNA.

⑨She tried to make herself understood while giving her talk.

⑩I was embarrassed to see our team beaten by a weaker team.

⑾If you want to be an inventor you must have a plan designed to solve a particular problem.⑿Many ideas, developed after weeks of research, may not prove successful.⒀Each idea tested by you will need to be improved until it leads you closer to a new invention.

⒁You will find your new invention adopted on all sides.

⒂We saw the play performed on TV yesterday.

⒃She couldn't get the car started.

⒄ Mary wants her paintings displayed in the gallery.

⒅You'd better have your courtyard tidied.

⒆I felt myself thrown forward when the bus stopped.

⒇I won't have my time taken up with useless discussion.

(21)The host found some guests invited to the party were late because of traffic jams.(22)I would like to live in a well- designed house surrounded by trees.

(23)One day as he was experimenting with one end of a straw joined to a deaf man's ear drum and the other to a piece of smoked glass, Bell noticed that when he spoke into the ear, the straw drew sound waves on the glass.

(24)The scientist could not explain his theory clearly.

    The audience was confused. The lecture was confusing.

(25)The performance was amusing. We were amused.

(26)My favourite singer is inspiring. I am inspired by her singing.(27)Leonardo gradually learned the skills needed to be a great artist.(28)Based on the gear, he came up with numerous designs.

4、This was in the expectation that the snake would bite again.

5、①Only after you have had that recognition can you say that

you are truly an inventor.

②Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else's.

6、①Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesn't work the first time.

②Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.

7、①I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.

②I set about my studies on developing my product, for which I hope I will succeed in applying for a patent.

③Bell never set out to invent the telephone and what he was trying to design was a multiple telegraph.

④Zhang Lijuan agreed to move and set about packing all her goods.

⑤He set out to write the first systematic explanation of how machines work.

8、①It was this exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit that led to his most famous invention—the telephone in 1876.

②It was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Waston.

9、Being very stable, it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges.

10、①He might have been a scientist if he had not been so skilled in other areas.

②If he had never been a paint,we would still appreciate him as one of the greatest inventors of his time.

1、①If not, look at the pictures=If you do not know the story, look at the pictures.②If you have, did you like it? =If you have seen the film, did you like it?③While watching, he makes notes=While he is watching, he makes notes.④What if I was?=What would happen if I was born in Lisson Grove.

⑤Has his attitude changed? If yes, how?

⑥While acting, make sure you speak more slowly.

2、①A man is hiding from the rain listening to people's language and watching their reactions.②Nearby a flower girl wearing dark garments and a woollen scarf is also sheltering from the rain.③Now once taught by me, she'd become an upper class lady.=Now once she were taught by me,……

④But once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's graden party.=But once that girl were educated to speak properly,……

⑤What is the name of the man hiding from the rain?

⑥Being taught by the two gentlemen, Eliza made great progress.⑦Having been awarded so many prizes in literature,George felt that his years of efforts were well deserved.

⑧Bitten by the snake in the bush, Susan was sent back to the camp.⑨Having been punished by his boss, he was in a very bad mood.⑩Having been cheated by that company, he lost all his possessions.⑾Having found a hole in her stocking, Mandy said to her friend,"……".⑿Having been forced to leave his own company,he set up his own company.⒀Having been caught, the thief was taken to the police station by the police.⒁Forced to earn money herself because her family was poor,she dreamed of working in a proper flower shop.⒂Knowing it was impossible to be acceped in ……English, she asked Professor Higgins to give her lessons.

⒃Having been trained for several months, Eliza began to speak in a more attractive accent.⒄Being set among many lovely trees, the Buddhist temple is calm and peaceful.⒅Its walls, having been decorated by red paint, appear more attractive.⒆Placed inside the rooms, statues of Gods seem to guard the large sleeping Buddha.⒇Having rested there for several hours, I felt refreshed and ready to go back to Beijing.(21)Eliza comes into the room shyly following Mrs Pearce.(22)Now in pairs use the ideas suggested in the previous exercise.(23)Amused by Eliza's funny "small talk", Freddy couldn't help laughing.(24)Laughed at by Freddy, Eliza felt very strange.

(25)Worn out in the language class, Eliza fell asleep early at night.(26)Fascinated by Eliza's charm and beauty, Freddy fell in love with her.(27)Stared at by all the guests, Eliza felt rather uneasy.

(28) Ignored by Henry Higgins all the time, Eliza decided to leave him.(29)Very surprised, Henry discovered the next morning that Eliza had gone.(30)My friend, born in India, moved to England.

(31)The room, connected to the rest of the house by a long passage, was completed empty.(32)This acquaintance, introduced by my friend, has promised to help me buy a jeep.

(33)Their leader, well experienced in cave expeditions, led the way.(34)Determined not to leave him for the terrible monster to find, the group rushed at the animal shouting and waving their arms.

3、Do buy a flower off me.

4、①Will that be of any use to you?   ②She is no use at all.

be of great use=be very useful,        be of no use=be useless

be of great value=be very valuable, be of great help=be very helpful,           be of great importance=be very important

5、①But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.②Lower class people betrayed themselves with their remarks whenever they spoke.③What are we going to do once the experiment is over?

6、①Perhaps I could even find her a place as a lady's maid or a shop assistant, which requires better English.

②John does not know much English, which makes it difficult for him to find a good job.③G ·B ·Shaw was interested in the way people spoke.④You see the difference between a lady and a flower girl is the way she's treated.

7、①But she'll need to be cleaned first.②What still needs to be improved?③Now help professor Higgins decide what still needs to be done to turn Eliza into a lady.

8、I'd never have come if I'd known about this disgusting thing you want me to do.   9、What/ How about beginning with the alphabet?              10、①What's to become of me?

    ②I wouldn't like to be accused of stealing when I leave.

11、①He treats a flower girl as if she were a duchess.

    ②And I treat a duchess as if she were a flower girl.

12、Only then does she discover that the man wants to marry her because she is rich.    13、①The humour lies in the fact that Emma thinks she understands everybody around her.②I enjoyed this book because it showed me that people can make themselves believe that what they want to happen will happen!

1、①Make a tentative guess about what Peking Man may have

done and used thousands of years ago.

②Compare their life with ours today.

③It must have been very uncomfortable.

④ That would have kept them warm.

⑤What else do you think it might have been used for?

2、①You must be aware that it's here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.

②It was his assistant, Bei Wenzhong, who made the discovery of these primitive bones and sharpened stone tools.

3、①We have been excavating here for many years.

②We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects.

③We have discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires.

④We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.

⑤We haven't found any doors but we think they might have hung animal skins at the cave mouth.

⑥How long have you been driving , Mrs Smith?

⑦Since the famine broke out, the number of people dying of starvation has been increasing.

4、①They couldn't have mats, blankets or quilts like we do.

②They didn't have material like we have today.

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