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±ØÐÞµÚÒ»²á Unit 1 Life Choice Lesson 1 Lifestyles P2 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Joe is a ¡°digital native¡±---he has been using the computer since his childhood.
He does a wide range of things online such as doing homework, chatting with others and reading the daily news. He also shops fpr various necessities online because it is convenient to compare the qualities and prices from different online shops.
However, his parents are worried so his mum keeps telling him to go out with his school friends. According to them there is a danger that he may not be able to tell whether the friends online are real friends.
Li Ying is a go-getter. Secondary school is a new start for her and studying is definitely a big part of her life. She tends to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of every term and she listens attentively in all classes and thinks actively, so that she can have more space time to do other things that she is interested in after school.
Besides, she has a top 10 reading list and she tries to keep it updated. She is also active in sports clubs, which makes her excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together. To achieve all she wants, she must use her time wisely. As the popular saying goes, ¡°Every minute counts!¡±
Lesson 3 Your Life Is What You Make It P9 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
After a long day, Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room, feeling tired. It is typical of him to start working early in the morning and prepare lessons late at night. Coming to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an experience for him.
He graduated from university and got a teacher¡¯s certificate last year. He was inspired by the idea of living independently away from home. So he applied for and became a volunteer in a village school, imagining all sorts of exciting things.
However, not everything lived up to his hopes. The school was much smaller than he had expected and even the power and water supplies were unstable. The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea.
In the school, he was the only English teacher while the other two were responsible for maths and Chinese. To make school life healthier and livelier, he introduced more subjects to the school, and the school is now full of laughter and music.
His first year has been tough but enjoyable. What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read , speak and write in English, and they became more confident. The contribution he made to the village was great and the villagers treated him as one of them. Although he had intended to stay for only one year, he now feels ready to stay for another year.
±ØÐÞµÚÒ»²á Unit 2 Sports and Fitness
Lesson 1 The Underdog P20 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Paul and I were on our school basketball team, The Lions. We were both big fans of the NBA. Paul¡¯s favorite player was Tyrone Bogues, who was the shortest player ever in the NBA. Paul regarded him as his inspiration. Paul once said, ¡±If Bogues could make it, why not me? ¡±
However, our coach was not so sure. So Paul was still usually on the bench, being just a replacement, which was really tough on him.
This week, The Lions were playing against our main competitors, The Bears, a team whose record this season had been perfect. It would be a tough game and Paul didn¡¯t know he would get the chance that he had been waiting for.
During the game, I crashed into another player and my knee hurt badly. We were about to lose so the coach agreed to give Paul a shot. Paul rushed onto the court and all the extra hours he had spent practicing alone paid off. He made shot after shot, and the crowd couldn¡¯t stop clapping and cheering.
When the game ended, our team had won by two points. The coach hit Paul on the shoulder and said, ¡°You¡¯ve just earned your place on the team, big guy!¡±
Lesson 3 Running and Fitness P27 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
As people often say, any exercise is better than none, but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
It is great for beginners---you don¡¯t need a gym membership or any special equipment. There is no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.
Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases. It can strengthen the immune system and reduce the risk of serious health problems. What¡¯s more, anyone who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up. Even a thirty-minute run will provide relief from any aches or tension.
If you are new to running, here is some advice for you. A warm-up gets your blood running and prepares your body before you exercise. After a long run, you should jog slowly for ten minutes, then walk for five minutes.
Besides, remember the following principles. First, draw up a training plan and set achievable goals. Second, keep running. There will be times when you want to give up, but hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier with time. All the sweat and hard work will be worth it in the end. Finally, make sure you do not overdo it.
±ØÐÞµÚÒ»²á Unit 3 Celebrations
Lesson 1 Spring Festival P38 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
It was the first time for Tom Jenkins to spend Spring Festival in China with his host family. Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations began a week before the festival. First, the house cleaned from to bottom. Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to the front door. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
Xu Gang usually starts planning his trip home weeks before Spring Festival , as train tickets or flight have to be booked as early as possible. The moment he gets on the train , he knows that he is heading home to his family. When he gets home, his parents will fill him in on what has been happening ---who has got married or had children or gone away to university. When he was a kid, Spring Festival was all about firecrackers, sweets and decorations. As he gets older, coming home is the most important part of it.
Li Yan and her husband are both retired. Weeks before Spring Festival, they think about what the children would like to eat, what they need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared. They always have jiaozi as they mean something special on this occasion---they are a sign of their wishes for health and happiness in the coming year.
Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival--- the spirit of family---has been kept.
Lesson 3 Memories of Christmas P45 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The last Christmas Granny spent with us was an unforgettable experience, which began in the middle of November on a cold, windy day.
Granny came to celebrate the Christmas with us. But at that time, I didn¡¯t know she was ill. Most of the time she just sat on the sofa by the fire. When I wrote to Father Christmas telling him about the presents I wanted, Granny tried her best to help me.
On Christmas Eve, Granny sat by the fire as we put up the Christmas tree. I hung the decorations onto the tree. ¡°That¡¯s the most beautiful tree I have seen,¡± Granny remarked. On Christmas morning, to my surprise, my stocking at the end of my bed was full of presents and there were more under the tree.
After breakfast, David and I played outside while Granny remained inside by the fire., I remember catching her eye through the window.
Although lunch was late, it was a loud and exciting affair. There was a big turkey with potatoes, followed by yummy pudding. David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn¡¯t swallow.
Several weeks later, Granny passed away. I miss her very much, especially at Christmas. When it comes to our magical and special Christmas, I think it is not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind, it is also my memory of Granny.
±ØÐÞµÚ¶þ²á Unit 4 Information Technology
Lesson 1 Avatars P60 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Avatars, which people use when exploring the Internet, are the digital identities people created to communicate and express themselves. They first appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Nowadays, avatars have such a wide variety of forms and uses that they are everywhere.
The avatars people choose say a lot. People tend to create avatars with features similar to their personalities, which look like them to a certain extent. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and good-looking, for people obviously make improvements and experiment with new things in a more desirable way.
Avatars give people a lot of room for creativity They are enabled to create new identities, from dressing the avatars in fancy clothes to trying being someone of the opposite sex. Many users even have several avatars , each one for a specific occasions ; for example, a sensible one for work and a silly one for fun.
So far, the use of avatars has concerned some people---there are people spending too much time in virtual worlds and cheating online. At the same time , others view it in a more positive light, looking forward to the brilliant future of avatars.
Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships P67 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships? Opinions are varied?
Some hold the view that while/although/though the Internet brings people closer, it harms friendships indeed. First, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face communication. Instead, according to a parenting expert, the Internet makes it harder for children to concentrate or show kindness. Second, in makes people self-centred. Unlike the long-term and rewarding friendships in the real world, people only care about their online popularity. Third, true friendships are built on trust while online friendships may not be so. Sometimes, if you are too trusting, it can be particularly dangerous, because you can¡¯t be very sure that the friends you are chatting with are honest.
However, others believe the Internet helps develop friendships. For one thing, people can stay in touch with friends conveniently ,whether they are at home or on the move. For another thing, chatting online adds more fun to communication and takes less time with videos, photos, and emojis all available. Useful suggestions or information is provided immediately by people , which makes people feel loved and cared for.
±ØÐÞµÚ¶þ²á Unit 5 Human and Nature
Lesson 1 A Sea Story P78 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The story happened three years ago when we were on our way home from fishing. All at once, we were caught in a storm. With a huge wave covering the boat, my younger brother fell into the sea. The moment my elder brother cried out the most frightening word ¡°Moskoe-strom¡±, I knew a disaster was falling on us.
Hopeless and terrified, we were going in the direction of the whirlpool. It felt as if I were falling from a mountain top. But when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than before. Out of curiosity, I observed it and drew three conclusions, which later proved to be life-saving. Having tied myself to a barrel, I jumped into the sea. Not long after that, the boat was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool.
Shortly afterwards, the storm was over. I floated in the water for a couple of hours until some fishermen picked me up. They were unable to recognize me, for it took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.
Lesson 3 Race to the Pole P85 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The race to the South Pole began in 1910 when two teams, led by Scott(British) and Amundsen(Norwegian), announced their plans to go south and prepared for it.
Amundsen was the first to leave on 8th September, 1911. With dogs pulling the sledges and all men on skis, they made rapid progress. On 14th December, they reached the Pole successfully. However, Scott¡¯s men met a series of troubles after departure. First, two sledges broke down; then the horses couldn¡¯t stand the cold. Therefore, they advanced slowly. When they finally made it to the Pole, it was already 17th January, 1912.
The return journey was even worse. Apart from tiredness and bad weather, the fact that they were running out of food added to their difficulties. Despite the hopelessness, they still made time to collect rocks, which later proved to be valuable. Then disaster fell on them---two members died first. Then the rest of the team continued their way until, unfortunately, they were trapped in a terrible storm. Nobody survived. Although they didn¡¯t win the race, they were remembered as heroes.
±ØÐÞµÚ¶þ²á Unit 6 The Admirable
Lesson 1 A Medical Pioneer P96 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Tu Youyou, a Chinese female scientist, was awarded a Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin on 7 December, 2015. When it comes to the honour, she remained modest, insisting that it was not only an honour for herself but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.
Born in Zhejiang Province in 1930, she chose to study medicine. Years of studying traditional Chinese medicine and working with experts in the field enabled her to gain a deep knowledge about traditional practice. In 1969, she was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria. It hit her that Chinese herbs might hold the secret. So she researched hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti- malarial cures, which was not an easy task. Despite a lack of staff and poor laboratory conditions, they eventually came across a promising chemical after countless failed experiments. The medicine they discovered has now become the world¡¯s most effective drug for fighting malaria.
Although she is internationally renowned for her work, Tu Youyou is not interested in fame. She conducts research as usual and believes that there is a great potential for future advances if the wisdom of both Chinese and Western medicine can be fully integrated.
Lesson 3 The Superhero Behind Superman P103 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Christopher Reeve is indeed a superhero both in the Superman films and in reality, whose life story is beyond our imagination with ups and downs.
He had a passion in/for acting at an early age and finally won the opportunity to star in four Superman films. He had been devoting himself to helping people in need when disaster struck him. A fall from his horse caused severe injuries to his neck. Even breath was impossible without a machine. With the support of his wife, parents and friends, he eventually got rid of despair and found his goal of life again.
After engaging in intense recovery training, Reeve succeeded in returning to his film career. In addition, being energetic and passionate, he never quit his charity cause, from writing positively to encourage people to raising money to promote research into back injuries and disabilities. His confidence and optimism inspired people greatly.
To our sadness, on 10 October, 2004, Christopher Reeve passed away. People will memorialize him as a superhero forever.
BX B3 ±ØÐÞµÚÈý²á Unit 7 Art
Lesson 1 Masterpieces P2 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
In 1889 Van Gogh was staying at a home for his mental illness. During this period, he painted The Starry Night using an unusual coloring way, In the painting, the stars and the moon hang bright in the night sky, with a sleeping village and the moon lying below. Some experts inferred that his sense of sight had been affected by his illness. Unfortunately, his unique paintings didn¡¯t gain in much popularity in his lifetime.
The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893, which shows a striking scene: a thin figure with an expression of fear seems to be letting out a powerful scream. In his diary, Munch talked about his source of his inspiration. ¡°I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set; suddenly the sky turned as red as blood¡ Then I heard the scream of nature. ¡±
Rene Magritte painted a series of paintings, including The Empire of light. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, surrounded by the darkness of night. The painting meets with different reactions from viewers. As for Magritte himself, he thought that the change between day and night in the painting was surprising.
Lesson 3 A Musical Genius P11 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Ludwig van Beethoven is recognized as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his piano skills, but then he began to lose his hearing. Despite his deafness, he continued his composition until his death in 1827, finishing more than 130 musical works.
One day in February 1824, he sat back in his chair, with his ninth symphony finally completed. But before the premiere of the symphony, he was afraid that it would be a disaster because of his hearing loss.
To his surprise, the audience applauded loudly as he walked out onto the stage. For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about, waving his arms wildly in the air and madly turning the page of his score. The theatre¡¯s musical director, Umlauf stood quietly by his side, skillfully guiding the orchestra through the most amazing piece of music.
As the final, joyous/joyful note signaled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, cheering and clapping. But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score. He didn¡¯t realize his symphony was a success until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, turned him to face the audience.
Beethoven was not the only one who/that got a surprise. The audience was shocked too.
BX B3±ØÐÞµÚÈý²á Unit 8 Green Living
Lesson 1 Roots and Shoots P26 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The majority of people suffer from so-called ¡°Just-me-ism¡±. That is, you leave the tap running while brushing your teeth, leave a light on when going out or drop a piece of waste and are unwilling to pick it up. It is absolutely wrong, but in your opinion, it doesn¡¯t matter if only one person does it and no one will know it. But if there are millions of people doing like this, resources would be wasted and litter would dropped, which is quite harmful to our environment.
Therefore, to encourage people to take measures to protect the environment, Roots & Shoots was established by Jane Goodall. The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots can form a firm foundation while seemingly weak shoots can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world, who can change the world into a better place.
Every individual is valuable and useful to the world. Every individual can play a role in our world. It is every individual that/who matters. Now you can make a choice to make a difference to our environment and make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone¡¯s heart!
Lesson 3 ¡°White Bikes¡± on the Road P35 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
People living in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for many years. The idea known as ¡°white bikes¡± dates back to about 50 years ago. Amsterdam is perfect for cycling because there are plenty of places for bicycle parking and most roads have a bicycle path.
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea called ¡°white bikes¡±. They believed if cars weren¡¯t allowed in the city centre, it would be a/of help to save energy and reduce pollution. Anyone could use the white bikes for short journeys and leave the bikes in the place where they finished their journey. However, problems came up---the bikes were stolen in a few weeks.
In 1999, the ¡°white bikes¡± came back---this time with a computer tracking system as a way to record their every move. Thanks to the efforts of many people, cycling has become popular and people call Amsterdam ¡°the City of Bicycles¡±.
Nowadays, the idea of ¡°white bikes¡± has pedaled its way around the world. In China, more and more cities have similar programs and people like to use shared bikes which/that are cheap and environmentally friendly. Problems like the theft of bikes and parking problems can arise. Fortunately, people are trying various ways of solving problems.
BX B3±ØÐÞµÚÈý²á Unit 9 Learning
Lesson 1 Active LearningAP50 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
It is assumed that the human brain learns all by itself. But the truth is that we need to train ourselves to learn better---to actively participate in learning and reflect on what we have learnt. There are five things related to active learning.
Listen to the outer voice. Although your inner voice can be of great use, it can get in the way of learning. Therefore, active learners should be open-minded. In this way, they can make better decisions.
Argue with your inner voice. If you find it difficult to control your inner voice, argue with it. Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer.
Ask questions. This is the easiest way to promote active learning Be sure to be curious. Asking and working out questions will help you understand the topic better.
Get to the truth. Active learners don¡¯t accept everything they learn. Instead, they attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea, even when the idea sounds completely unlikely.
Focus on the message. It is true that we cannot help disliking some people, but active learners don¡¯t judge people by first impressions or personal emotions. In this way, they won¡¯t miss out on learning opportunities.
Lesson 3 The Secrets of Your Memories P59 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
An expert in memory answers some commonly asked questions about memory.
1¡¢Why can I remember events in my childhood but not what happened last week?
We remember things that have strong emotional connections in our mind. Childhood memories are often emotional and interesting, and funny stories from childhood are often told many times. As a result, we tend to remember them much better.
2¡¢Do some people really have a photographic memory?
There are some people who do have amazing memories, who can remember certain things for a limited time. But so far no one has proved that people really have photographic memories.
3¡¢Why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday?
It is natural to forget the newly learnt words. According to the famous forgetting curve presented by Hermann Ebbinghaus, the sharpest memory loss happens during the very early period after learning. Timely review can greatly help us to remember what is learnt.
4¡¢I¡¯m 16, but I sometimes forget things. Is my memory getting worse?
Certainly not. Our memory reaches its peak of power at 25. At that point, we can remember up to 200 pieces of information in a second. After 25, the brain starts to get smaller and our memory is much worse than when we were young.
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¶«´ó½ÖÓ¢²ÅÊéÎÝ ºÏ¶©±¾°æBX B3 ±ØÐÞµÚÈý²á Unit 7 Art
Lesson 1 Masterpieces P2 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The Starry Night was painted in June 1889 when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the mentally ill. He painted whatever he saw from his window. The stars and the moon hang bright in the night sky. Beneath the beautiful sky, a sleeping village and a dark, lonely tree can be seen. Unfortunately, his unique paintings didn¡¯t gain much popularity and he only sold one in his lifetime.
The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893. It shows a thin figure with an expression of fear, which makes it striking. In his diary, he talked about where his inspiration came from. ¡°I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set; suddenly the sky turned as red as blood¡Then I heard the scream of nature.¡±
The Empire of Light is a series of paintings by Rene Magritte between 1953 and 1954. He painted the same scene 27 times. The Empire of Light shows a beautiful house which was lit by lights from inside, surrounded by the darkness of night. Different reactions have been produced in viewers. Some think that the paintings are dark and troubling.
Others, however, find them calming. As for Magritte himself, he thought that the change between day and night was surprising.
Lesson 3 A Musical Genius P9 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Ludwig van Beethoven is recognized as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing. Despite his deafness, he continued his composition until his death in 1827, finishing more than 130 musical works.
One day in February 1842, he sat back in his chair, with his ninth symphony finally completed. But before the performance, he was afraid that it would a disaster because of his hearing loss.
To his surprise, the audience applauded loudly as he walked out onto the stage. For more than an hour, Beethoven jumped about , waving his arms wildly in the air and madly turning the pages of his score. The theatre¡¯s musical director, Umlauf stood quietly by his side, skillfully guiding the orchestra through the most amazing piece of music the world had ever known.
As the final, joyous note signaled the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, cheering and clapping . But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score. He didn¡¯t realize his symphony was a success until Caroline Unger, one of the singers, turned him to face the audience.
Later, Caroline remembered that Beethoven was not the only one who/that got a surprise. The audience was shocked too.
¶«´ó½ÖÓ¢²ÅÊéÎÝ ºÏ¶©±¾°æBX B3±ØÐÞµÚÈý²á Unit 8 Green Living
Lesson 1 Roots and Shoots P20 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The majority of people suffer from so-called ¡°Just-me-ism¡±. That is, you leave the tap running while brushing your teeth, leave a light on when going out or drop a piece of waste and are unwilling to pick it up. It is absolutely wrong, but in your opinion, it doesn¡¯t matter if only one person does it and no one will know it. But if there are millions of people doing like this, resources would be wasted and litter would be dropped, which is quite harmful to our environment.
Therefore, to encourage people to take measures to protect the environment, Roots & Shoots was established by Jane Goodall. The organization is called Roots & Shoots because roots can form a firm foundation while seemingly weak shoots can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world, who can change the world into a better place.
Every individual is valuable and useful to the world. Every individual can play a role in our world. It is every individual that/who matters. Now you can make a choice to make a difference to our environment and make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone¡¯s heart!
Lesson 3 ¡°White Bikes¡± on the Road P27 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
People living in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for many years. The idea known as ¡°white bikes¡± dates back to about 50 years ago. Amsterdam is perfect for cycling because there are plenty of places for bicycle parking and most roads have a bicycle path.
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea called ¡°white bikes¡±. They believed if cars weren¡¯t allowed in the city centre, it would be of help to save energy and reduce pollution. Anyone cold use the white bikes for short journeys and leave the bikes in the place where they finished the journey . However, problems came up and they were stolen in a few weeks.
In 1999, the ¡°white bikes¡± came back ----this time with a computer tracking system as a way to record their every move. Thanks to the efforts of many people , cycling has become popular and people call Amsterdam ¡°the City of Bicycles¡±.
Nowadays, the idea of ¡°white bikes¡± has pedaled its way around the world. In China, more and more cities have similar programmes and people like to use shared bikes which/that are cheap and easy. Problems like the theft of bikes and parking problems can arise. Fortunately, people are trying various ways of solving problems.
¶«´ó½ÖÓ¢²ÅÊéÎÝ ºÏ¶©±¾°æ BX B3±ØÐÞµÚÈý²á Unit 9 Learning
Lesson 1 Active Learning P38 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
It is assumed that the human brain learns all by itself. But the truth is that we need to train ourselves to learn better---to actively participate in the learning process and to reflect on what we have learnt. There are five things related to active learning.
Listen to the outer voice. Although your inner voice can be of great use, it can get in the way of learning. Therefore, active learners should be open-minded and concentrate on what the speaker/writer is saying, rather than what their brain is saying . In this way, they can make better decisions.
Argue with your inner voice. If you find it difficult to control your inner voice, argue with it. Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer.
Ask questions. This is the easiest way to promote active learning, so be sure to be curious. Asking and working out questions will help you to understand the topic better.
Get to the truth. Active learners don¡¯t accept everything they learn. Instead, they attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea, even when the idea sounds completely unlikely.
Focus on the message. It is true that we cannot help disliking some people, but active learners don¡¯t judge people by first impressions or personal emotions. In this way, they won¡¯t miss out on learning opportunities.
Lesson 3 The Secrets of Your Memories P45 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Jemima Gryaznov, an expert in memory, answers some of the most commonly asked questions about memory.
1¡¢ Why can I remember events in my childhood but not what happened last week?
We remember things that have strong emotional connections in
our mind. Childhood memories are often emotional and interesting, and funny events happening when we were young are often told over and over again. As a result, we tend to remember them much better.
2¡¢ Do some people really have a photographic memory?
There are people who do have amazing memories, because they are good at remembering certain things for a limited time. But so far no one has proved that people really have photographic memories.
3¡¢ Why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday?
It is natural for many people to forget the newly learnt words. According to the famous forgetting curve presented by Hermann Ebbinghaus, the sharpest memory loss happens during the very early period after learning. Timely review can greatly help us to remember what is learnt.
4¡¢ I¡¯m 16, but I sometimes forget things. Is my memory getting worse?
Certainly not. Our memory reaches its peak of power at the age of 25.
At that point, we can remember up to 200 pieces of information in a second. After this age, the brain starts to get smaller and our memory is much worse than when we were young.
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XB Ñ¡±ØµÚÒ»²á B1 U1 Relationships
L1 Teacher, s P61 ±ØÐÞµÚ3²áºÍÑ¡ÔñÐÔ±ØÐÞµÚ1²áºÏ¶©±¾ Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Teachers play an important role in students¡¯ life. I, Graham, was a difficult student in high school. Once my friends and I were caught seeing who jumped farthest off the stage. And I was lazy in most subjects I had no idea what hydrogen was and I did not want to know, either. However, things have changed after I met Mr. Jenkins, whom was used to explaining difficult things with practical examples in simple language/
What great fun his classes were! At one time, he set up an experiment to show us how the human stomach works using acid and an onion. Under his guidance , we built a rocket, poured the fuel into it and then lighted a match to set it off.
To be honest, I was not a willing student, but he encouraged me to find my own strengths , helping to arouse my interest in science---my future job. In his eyes, being a teacher is about making it to students¡¯ minds when we are open and eager to learn. I am so grateful to be a student of him.
L3 So Close, Yet So Far
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In modern age, when the Internet becomes an irreplaceable part of our daily life, people spend too much time on phones. We are engaged in reading new messages, answering emails, as well as scrolling through social apps all the time, even when having a shower.
It seems that the Internet brings people closer to each other. However, it brings more depression and loneliness on people. On the one hand, social networking online has dominated most of our spare time, causing us to delay finishing the normal tasks and jobs. Day after day, we will experience a strong sense of dissatisfaction and depression from work. On the other hand, in a real face-to-face communication, we are often interrupted by the never-ending flow of updates in our phones, thus making others uncomfortable. It is not strange that we are bending over the phone, with our eyes fixed on the screen.
Consequently, it is high time that we lifted our heads before we are too addicted to phones.
XB Ñ¡±ØµÚÒ»²á B1 U2 Success
L1 Money vs Success
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Opinions on success vary from person to person. Many people define a big fortune or a well-paid job as a symbol of success. They dream of becoming rich to achieve a sense of success. However, there are some people disagreeing with them, Jason Harley included.
He, a college professor, was a millionaire with two million dollars sixteen years ago. But he lived a very simple life and gave away all his money to charities, determined to help the homeless. It worried him a lot to live comfortably alone without helping the people in need. Now he lives in a small dormitory where there is only second-hand furniture. It seems that he has given up a lot. Actually, he has gained more instead.
As far as he is concerned, the real sense of satisfaction and success come from the small efforts which make a big difference to others. Success is not measured by money but depends on it that one had figured out the true meaning of life.
L3 Getting to the Top
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Success comes no easy for everyone, especially for a female Olympic athlete.
As one of the Olympic tri-athletes, I have paid a lot in the process of striving for greatness. Due to endless training, I have missed countless important occasions that/which the normal people easily enjoy, such as family holidays, friend parties and even my brother¡¯s wedding. I also take the risk of being separated from my peers owing to the regular absence from the normal get-togethers with them. As a result, I am always wondering whether/if it is worthwhile to make so many sacrifices for the so-called champion.
The answer comes down to strong determination and natural desire for greatness. The desire to be a professional athlete drives me to be totally committed to my sports. Even though the strong intensity of daily training might mean getting injured, I am still willing to prepare the extra little bit for the top. I have made every effort to live my life to extremes no matter what it takes, never thinking about giving up.
XB Ñ¡±ØµÚÒ»²á B1 U3 Conservation
L1 The Sixth Extinction
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In the last 500 million years, there have been five mass extinctions when all species were almost completely wiped out in Earth¡¯s history.
The reasons for extinctions are varied/various, volcano eruptions, climate changes and asteroids hitting the Earth included.
According to the scientists, it is very likely that the sixth mass extinction is around the corner on account of human activities instead of those normal natural causes. What¡¯s worse , the speed of extinction caused by human activities is 1,000 times faster than normal. Generally speaking, human activities vary from over fishing to factory farming. With a sixth mass extinction occurring, more than three quarters of all species are expected to disappear altogether. As a result, the survival will be put at risk without water, air, forests and other basic living resources.
Fortunately, there are many efficient and immediate steps we can take to avoid the extinction before it is too late, like setting up natural preserve areas for wild animals. We also need to develop greener and more natural resources. In conclusion, small changes make a big difference.
L3 The Road to Destruction
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In the past several decades, the number of private cars has gone up at a soaring speed, bringing varieties of problems to both human society and the environment. Take road safety for example, an average of 2,500 people die from vehicle accidents every year. Meanwhile, greenhouse gases emitted into air is the major cause of global warming and climate change. As individuals, is there something that we can do?
Obviously, it is never too late to take immediate action. It is strongly advised to walk or cycle for short journeys and to use public transport as much as possible. If we really have to use a car, sharing cars with others is cheaper and friendlier to the environment. You play an important role in improving the disturbing situation. If your street is filled with heavy traffic, many options are waiting for you, including writing to the papers, asking for a speed limit and going to the city government, as is expected, small personal change will make a big difference to the whole world.
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Unit 4 Humor Lesson 1 What¡¯s so funny?
Life often bears fun and embarrassments, making it charming to taste and explore. Here are three funny experiences in life.
An art collector spotted a cat consuming milk from a saucer in the doorway of a store while he was walking casually on the road. He realized the saucer was so valuable an antique that he offered to pay a high price to buy the cat, hoping the owner would give away the saucer as well, Ironically, the owner refused to throw in this lucky saucer, which had helped him sell 68 cats that week for the same reason.
Sherlock and Watson shared a similar funny experience. One camping night, they woke up with millions of stars shining in the sky. According to the scientific measurement of time, Watson figured out the exact time. From the atmosphere, he forecast a bright day the next day. In the end, he was purely embarrassed to be told that their tent had been stolen.
The same embarrassment also happened to a middle-aged man who had been suffering depression for several months. He saw a doctor. After an examination, he was told everything was right and that what he needed was only a real laugh. The doctor recommended an amazing clown---Grock, and he replied Sadly, ¡°I am Grock.¡±
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Unit 4 Humor Lesson 3 My Favorite Comedian
Mr. Bean, a classic character in comedies, is recognized for meeting endless ridiculous situation in his daily life. In one of the most popular episodes, Mr. Bean comes to a fancy restaurant in celebration of his birthday, only to find that the only dish that he can afford is one named ¡°steak tartare¡±, which is actually a raw hamburger. The moment the dish is served , he attempts to chew it. However, he finds it is too disgusting to swallow, and he has no alternative but to hide his real feelings. During all the dinner time, he occupies himself with hiding the raw meat, and even throws some down the trousers of the restaurant¡¯s violinist. What a funny but embarrassing birthday!
Contrary to Mr. Bean, Rowan Atkinson, who played the role of Mr. Bean, lived a normal life. Born into an ordinary family, he was treated in such a strict manner that he stood out well in his study and even attained his degree at Oxford. Besides, he was convinced he would be a successful actor with his talent for acting. Years later, it is obvious that his hard work has paid off in the end.
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Unit 5 Education Lesson 1 Enlightening a Mind
Have you ever heard some inspiring stories of the disabled? Helen Keller is one who deserves to be mentioned. Helen a well-recognized female author, had several strong restrictions to her body. She could not read or write at her early age, but later she mastered several languages. Anne Sullivan, a teacher at a school for the disabled, played an irreplaceable role in Helen¡¯s growth and achievements. Anne adopted simple approaches to teaching, repeatedly spelt new words by writing on Helen¡¯s hands, and asked her to imitate these spellings. In the beginning, she would not learn the words unless they could be touched, such as water, doll etc. Gradually, her interest grew and she explored complicated and abstract words. In the process of learning the word ¡°think¡±, she struggled a lot and made breakthroughs by accident when finishing small tasks. As for the word ¡°love¡±, she felt discouraged after trying many times without understanding it. Despite many failures, Anne kept on encouraging her to try. Helen carried on thinking and suddenly realized it was as beautiful as the sun and clouds. It was Anne that enlightened Helen¡¯s mind and brought a broad world to her.
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Unit 5 Education Lesson 3 Understanding
As Bacon said, who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much. In history, there are endless questions that promote human civilization to a high degree. In the 17th century when people tended to believe more in religions than facts, great scientists like Bacon and Galilei went against the mainstream view of that period. They searched for the truth of science on the basis of analysis. At that time, the earth was believed to stand still, but Galilei disagreed and was urged to continue his further exploration. Ironically, people grew angry and put him in prison when Galilei proved Aristotle wrong, who was a highly respected scientist. However, anyone is likely to make mistakes, Aristotle and Galilei included. With countless questions raised and solved, our knowledge of the world is increasingly expanded. We appreciate the past great men for their wisdom, for they are brave enough to challenge themselves as well as inspiring the future generations to explore more unknown and brand-new areas, On the whole, a world full of questions is exactly the one that we are fighting for.
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Unit 6 The Media Lesson 1 From Page to Screen
Reading a favourite book is one pleasure; watching an enjoyable film is another. But it is rather challenging to produce a creation in combination with the two. A good book doesn¡¯t guarantee a popular film while a good film may arise from one plain book. It takes a lot for filmmakers to achieve a perfect balance between them.
The source material for a film must be faithful to the original, whether it is taken or adapted from books. Chances are that the film screenwriter makes so many changes that the audience feel far from the book. As a result, the film ends up failing. Also, a success depends on the cast acceptable to the audience. Readers of the book generally visualize their ideal characters, which means they are not likely to accept other images. Besides, if we take technical restrictions into consideration, the result will turn out to be different. Take CGI(Computer Generated Image) technology for example. It allows more unfilmable books to appear on screen. Despite these challenges, it is common to see many highly successful works made from books like Harry Potter.
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Unit 6 The Media Lesson 3 The Advertising Game
Advertisements play an irreplaceable role in enriching people¡¯s daily life by promoting and selling products to customers. Over the past decades, the types and styles have changed/have been changing constantly to upgrade the advertising game.
The most common advertisements are commercial ones, which simply give basic information of the products. Take ¡°Tsing Tao Brewery¡± for example. It is easy to get the name of the products as well as the location of the company. Gradually, advertisers find it necessary to combine attractive pictures or words of the experts with the original advertisements. With the advertising booming, those consisting of outstanding designs and creative ideas are likely to be distinguished in the growing competitive advertising market. At present, being visually attractive and repeating old ideas are out of date as the customers have been bored with the familiar strategies to promote products. Therefore/Thus, advertisers have to adopt creative ideas trying to make the customers forget that they are being talked into buying goods by someone. Apart from the commercial advertisements, public advertisements are gaining much attention. For instance, some are educating people on fighting AIDS, while some are calling for saving water.
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XB Ñ¡±Ø µÚÈý²á B3 U7 Careers
L1 EQ:IQ P2 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Most students believe their IQ, which refers to Intelligence Quotient, determines how well they are going to do in life. However, new research shows success doesn¡¯t simply result from a high IQ.
Professor Salovey says it is IQ gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted. He may be correct. Some students with high IQs sometimes end up failing exams and this may be due to their lower EQs. The association between IQ and EQ is casual, but it is generally believed that people with high EQs have little difficulty getting on with other people. What¡¯s more, the results of studies suggest that EQ is as important, if not more important than IQ and that it can be improved. If you want to get ahead in the world and get on well with other people, it is necessary for you to have high EQ---the higher the better. The possibility that EQ can be increased means that schools need to be required to develop the entire character of students.
L3 Meet the New Boss: You P11 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Before the 1980s, it was quite common for people to follow in their parents¡¯ footsteps by working in the family business or at least in the same field. At that time, there was a strong possibility that most people did the same job from graduation until retirement.
But up to now great changes have taken place. One reason why people don¡¯t tend to have the same profession or work at the same company for their entire working life is that the skills they have now are likely to be out of date very soon. So if you want to have a chance to own your own career, you¡¯d better become an expert or specialist; if you want to be irreplaceable, you have no choice but to learn to be prepared for development and changes. In a word, the truth is that you are the boss of your career, and you are the one to decide what you can do and how well you can do it.
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XB Ñ¡±ØµÚÈý²á B3 U8 Literature
L1 The Last Leaf P24 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
There were two young artists, Sue and Johnsy, living in Greenwich Village, which is a place for the art people.
One day, a stranger, called Pneumonia, arrived there and placed his icy finger on Johnsy. After the doctor checked Johnsy¡¯s condition, he told Sue that the only chance for Johnsy was to encourage her to think more hopeful things in the future. Then Sue tried to raise Johnsy¡¯s spirits with drawing. However, Johnsy was extremely desperate and firmly held the belief that she would die when the last leaf fell. When the leaves fell, she even counted backwards: ¡°Ten, nine¡¡±
Later, a failed painter, Behrman, knew Johnsy¡¯s longing to slip away like the leaves and considered the idea as a joke. They noticed that it was raining outside and there was only one leaf left. A few days later, Johnsy cheered up for she saw the same last leaf hanging on the tree outside of her window for several times. At last, she found that the leaf was not the last one but a masterpiece which was painted by Behrman, who died on the raining evening.
L3 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea P33 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
When the boat violently crashed, the professor was thrown away from it and he even couldn¡¯t remember falling from the boat. Suddenly, he discovered he was drawn up to the surface. It was Conseil who/that protected him from drowning.
At about one o¡¯clock in the morning, they cried for help and then got a response. However, the professor began to sink, struck a hard body and then felt he was brought to the surface of the sea. And then he was totally out of consciousness. Afterwards, the professor woke up and saw Ned who was also thrown into the sea.
Then the professor moved to the top of the hard body and found out that it was a boat made of steel. He looked through the outside of it, but found nothing. Finally, this long night came to an end. At dawn a man walked out of the boat and disappeared quickly. Later, eight men appeared and got them down into the boat.
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XB Ñ¡±ØµÚÈý²á B3 U9 Human Biology
L1 To Clone or Not to Clone? P46 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
For years, there had been attempts to clone animals artificially. The first successfully cloned animal, a sheep named Dolly, lived for only six and a half years. Since then, more than 20 mammal species have been cloned, camels, cattle, deer, dogs, goats and mice included, which have a similar pattern of health problems as well.
Chinese scientists have produced two monkeys with the same gene, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua. Dr. Sun Qiang, who had been devoting himself to the research, said the research team had eventually found a way to clone a monkey after a number of failures. This huge breakthrough might lead to a novel animal model system, which is helpful for scientists to study human biology and disease.
However, while some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, cloning has always been a topic of argument in terms of morality£¨µÀµÂ£©.
It is insisted by researchers that the science of cloning be advanced to a higher level. As Einstein said, ¡°Science is a powerful instrument. How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument. A knife is useful, but it can also kill.¡±
L3 Epidemics Explained P55 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
One of the earliest epidemics on record happened between about 500 and 550 CE which was a devastating epidemic that caused up to 50% of the area¡¯s population to die. In the 1330s, it returned in Asia and spread rapidly to Europe and became known as ¡°The Black Death¡±.
Centuries later, the Spanish Flu, a deadly disease, killed an estimated 50 million victims, which is believed to be the most severe epidemic in history. In the beginning, many people didn¡¯t pay attention to such epidemics and thought they wouldn¡¯t pose a threat until SARS became public concern.
SARS was first reported in Asia in 2002, a vital respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus. The illness spread to Canada, Vietnam and Singapore and lasted until 2003. Since the end of the SARS epidemic, scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prevent any future outbreaks. One of the biggest lessons from SARS was to share the latest information about the virus with the public and other countries in the world as quickly as possible.
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XB Ñ¡±ØµÚËIJá B4 U10 Connections
L1 How Closely Connected Are We? P68 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
With the social development in the information age, the world is becoming so small that we are closely associated with the rest of the world. As is shown in the distinguished theory ¡°Six Degree of Separation¡±, each of us is connected through a chain of no more than five people.
The theory dates back to the 1920s when the idea of friendship networks was brought in and left an impact on many early impressions of social networks. In 1967, an American sociologist, Stanley Milgram , conducted a distinctive study where a random sample of participants were required to send parcels with limited basic information. While delivering parcels, they had to turn to a potential person who/that they thought might know the target receiver for help. What¡¯s surprising is that it only took five to seven people for them to get the parcels delivered correctly. Consequently, this research greatly inspired the phrase ¡°Six Degree of Separation¡±.
Later on, the theory and the phrase were still widely adopted and explored in many popular films and TV programmes . Among those explorations, one that deserves mentioning/to be mentioned was ¡°Columbia Small-world Project¡± in 2001 for the reason that it confirmed the average number of links in the chain was six.
L3 Anne of Green Gables P77 Ë¢¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The novel Anne of Green Gables is set on a small farm called ¡°Green Gables¡± in the 20th century, which tells the stories of a brother, Matthew,
a sister, Marilla and a to-be-adopted girl, Anne.
On the day when Anne was due to arrive, Matthew picked her up at the train station and brought her to the farm. Marilla instantly rushed to the door, only to find whom she planned to adopt proved to be a girl but not a boy. Matthew explained that he had to bring her back as a poor girl couldn¡¯t be left at the station alone. On hearing their discussion, Anne burst out crying stormily. Faced with her tearstained face, the brother and sister were at a complete loss, not knowing how to deal with such embarrassment.
Then came the dinner time. However, Anne was in such low spirits that she had no appetite for the dishes at all. Marilla had been wondering about a place to settle down Anne. Finally, she picked out a perfectly clean but barely furnished room, lit/lighted a candle, and turned down the bedclothes for Anne. After Marilla went out, Anne quickly undressed herself and dived into the bed, shivering and sobbing constantly. What a depressing day it was for this poor girl!
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XB Ñ¡±ØµÚËIJá B4 U11 Conflict and Compromise
L1 Living in a Community P90 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
The neighborhood conflict is definitely a common topic in our daily life.
Several days ago, Ma Ming, a single drummer, was forced to move out of his rental flat owing to the fact that he was always making too much noise in deep nights. Besides, it was assumed that being exposed/exposure to such noise had a bad influence on the teenagers in the community. Driven mad by the noise, the neighbors turned to the community council for help, which gave Ma Ming a warning and forced him to leave as soon as possible. Ma Ming¡¯s departure was really good news for his neighbors.
James McKay was struggling against the similar annoyance. Smith, a young man who is keen on gardening and fish collecting, lived above the McKays. However, the water he sent over his balcony ended up falling onto his neighbor¡¯s downstairs too often. It is not the water itself but the way he cleaned his fish tanks that upset McKay the most. One pleasant (pleasing) night, the old couple was/were enjoying their birthday cake when a large tank of water with the smell of fish dropped downstairs. McKay was up there in an instant and hit Smith on the head, causing the old man to spend his birthday in the jail. But McKay felt rather good about such an unforgettable birthday.
L3 War Memories P99 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
There are lots of conflicts in human history that have led to the loss of life. The following are three episodes of war memories. Do Chuc, a Vietnamese farmer, recalled the tough memories about the American soldiers¡¯ invasion of their village. He, as well as other villagers, was marched into the village square where they were ordered to sit down. Instantly the soldiers set up a machine gun, the villagers were panicked into weeping and praying. Then the shooting started and Chuc was hurt in the leg. Fortunately, he was covered with a pile of bodies, resulting in his escaping from the village an hour later. The second memory came from a British soldier fighting on the frontier. On a Christmas morning, the soldiers of sides were so tired of wars that they came to an agreement to settle down on Christmas. They climbed out of their own trench, distributed beers and food, and celebrated Christmas in peace. As for the third one, it was about a nurse related to a story about a soldier who was robbed of legs in the war. He happened to be No. 20,000 soldier to come through that hospital and thus he would be presented with an award in the ward! However, he had no appreciation at all and threw the award back with rage! What a ridiculous award ceremony!
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XB Ñ¡±ØµÚËIJá B4 U12 Innovation
L1 Scientific Breakthroughs P112 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
During the last hundreds of years, the all-around development of the human race has been achieved mainly due to the increasing number of scientific discoveries in many fields. Take the twentieth century for example. It is a must to mention the following pioneers and their achievements, ranging from physics, medicine and communications.
In 1905, Albert Einstein was rocking his baby when he was suddenly inspired. Afterwards, ¡°E=m ¡±was born! The theory showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy. In 1928, another revolutionary finding was achieved accidentally. Before he went on holiday, Alexander Fleming, a famous biologist, left a dish of bacteria and when he came back, only to find a blue mould in the dish destroying the bacteria around it. As the natural form of penicillin, the mould was later mass-produced to save millions of lives in World War II. At about the same time, with the joint efforts of an engineer and a physicist, the first computer in the world came into existence, meant to improve the military performance of missiles. Several decades later, the world was connected with the World Wide Web.
But for all these pioneers and their dedication, our world would be a completely different one.
L3 Stephen Hawking P121 ¿ÎÎĸıàÌî¿Õ
Stephen Hawking, a well-recognized scientist in physics in the 20th century, is the author of the scientific masterpiece A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes. Born in 1942 in Oxford, Hawking went to university to study physics at the age of 17. Unfortunately, he was diagnosed with ALS (a disease that affects muscle control) in 1963 and expected live only for a few years.
In the early stages of his career as a teacher in Cambridge, he was only allowed to conduct research rather than teach due to his physical limitations. As his health got worse, he lost his speech and the use of hands. Though faced with declining physical abilities, Hawking never stopped making advances in science. What surprised the world was his new ideas of black holes. In his theory, he supposed that there was a sort of hole in the center of a black hole and that it might lead to a separate universe. With all his ideas of the universe included, he published A Brief History of Time : From the Big Bang to Black Holes as well as its simpler version.
Despite all these misfortunes in life, Hawking did not feel sorry for himself but felt a strong sense of appreciation for all the support from his families and social organizations.
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